Abstract: A multi-plane cortical bone screw includes a screw tail and a ball screw. A ball head portion is arranged at one end of the ball screw, and a thread portion is arranged at the other end thereof. The ball head portion and the screw tail are in universal connection, so that the ball screw can rotate along a conical surface relative to the screw tail. A lower end face of the screw tail close to the ball head portion is relatively rotatably connected with a side face of the screw tail. The present disclosure further discloses a bone positioning device, which includes a plurality of connection rods and a plurality of the multi-plane cortical bone screws. The screw tails are arranged in a spatial three-dimensional radial manner along side edges of a multi-edge platform, and the connection rods used for positioning a bone are connected between the screw tails.

Abstract: A multi-plane cortical bone screw includes a screw tail and a ball screw. A ball head portion is arranged at one end of the ball screw, and a thread portion is arranged at the other end thereof. The ball head portion and the screw tail are in universal connection, so that the ball screw can rotate along a conical surface relative to the screw tail. A lower end face of the screw tail close to the ball head portion is relatively rotatably connected with a side face of the screw tail. The present disclosure further discloses a bone positioning device, which includes a plurality of connection rods and a plurality of the multi-plane cortical bone screws. The screw tails are arranged in a spatial three-dimensional radial manner along side edges of a multi-edge platform, and the connection rods used for positioning a bone are connected between the screw tails.

Abstract: An improved end effector includes an end effector body having a proximal end portion and a distal end portion. A contact member is attached to the top surface of the proximal end portion for supporting a substrate over a contact surface area. The contact member spaces the substrate from the end effector body to reduce the contact area between the end effector and the substrate. The contact member is made of a material with a low thermal conductivity. The reduced contact area and low thermal conductivity serve to decrease heat conduction between the contact member and the substrate so as to reduce a temperature gradient and thermal stresses in the substrate caused by the contact. The end effector body includes a plurality of apertures disposed between the proximal end portion and the distal end portion. At least some of the apertures overlap in position with portions of the substrate to provide open areas between blocked portions of the end effector body which overlap in position with the substrate.