Abstract: An agent distributor may be to selectively deliver agent at a first contone density and at a second contone density different from the first contone density respectively onto an interior portion and a surface portion of successive layers of build material in respective first and second patterns in accordance with data representing a three-dimensional object to be generated, so that the build material is to solidify to form slices of the three-dimensional object in accordance with the first and second patterns, and so that the three-dimensional object is to achieve a target surface roughness as a result of the second contone density of the second pattern.

Abstract: In one example, a device for printing a three-dimensional object is described. The device may include at least one material application unit to deposit at least one material for a voxel of the three-dimensional object, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser array comprising a plurality of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, the plurality of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers including a first vertical cavity surface emitting laser to operate at a first wavelength and a second vertical cavity surface emitting laser to operate at a second wavelength, and a processor to control a deposition of the at least one material for the voxel via the at least one material application unit and to control an application of electromagnetic energy via at least one of the plurality of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers to the voxel to alter at least one property of the at least one material.

Abstract: In one example, a method comprises receiving data representing a first property of a three-dimensional object generated by a print apparatus, the data having been determined by measurement of the object. A difference between the data representing a first property and predetermined data may be determined, and, based on the difference, an estimate of a second property of the object may be determined.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for making metal-connected particle articles. A metal containing fluid is selectively applied to a layer of particles. The metal in the fluid is used to form metal connections between particles. The metal connections are formed at temperatures below the sintering temperature of the particles in the layer of particles.

Abstract: In an example of a method for forming three-dimensional (3D) printed electronics, a build material is applied. A fusing agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the build material. The build material is exposed to radiation and the portion of the build material in contact with the fusing agent fuses to form a layer. An electronic agent is selectively applied on at least a portion of the layer, which imparts an electronic property to the at least the portion of the layer.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) object printing process-level simulator including, in an example, a layer module for modeling a plurality of layers of a simulated 3D object to be built and a printing device controller to receive a number of simulated values from the layer module to simulate a 3D object printing process and adjust the 3D object printing process based on physical characteristics of a printing device associated with the printing device controller. A cyber-physical three-dimensional (3D) object printing simulator including, in an example, a printing device including a processor to send instructions describing how a simulated 3D object is to be printed and a layers module to simulate heat transfer from a plurality of layers in the 3D object to be printed based at least a density of the plurality of layers.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to particulate mixtures, material sets and methods of forming porous 3-dimensional printed parts. The particulate mixtures can include 5 wt % to 40 wt % of a salt having an average particle size from 5 ?m to 100 ?m. The mixture can also include 60 wt % to 95 wt % of a build material for 3-dimensional printing. The build material can include a particulate polymer having an average particle size from 5 ?m to 100 ?m and a melting point from 100° C. to 400° C. The melting point of the particulate polymer can be lower than the melting point of the salt.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the invention, an unlocked mobile device is configured to capture images, analyze the images to detect a user's face, and automatically lock the device in response to determining that a user's face does not appear in the images. The camera capturing and face recognition processing may be triggered by the device having detected that it has been motionless for a threshold period of time. In another embodiment, a locked mobile device is configured to capture an initial image using its camera, capture a new image in response to detecting movement of the device, determine that the device moved to a use position, capture a subsequent image in response to determining that the device moved to a use position, analyze the subsequent image to detect a user's face, and unlock the device in response to detecting the user's face. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract: Apparatus to produce a three-dimensional object and methods of producing a three-dimensional object are described. In some examples, a first fluid comprising a colorant and a second fluid comprising an absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation are applied on a layer of particulate material. Application of the second fluid to the layer of particulate material is in dependence on an ability of the first fluid to absorb the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: In one example, a method for printing a three-dimensional (3D) object is described. The method may include a processor depositing a layer of a sinterable material on a support member, and preheating the layer of the sinterable material using a moveable radiation source. The method may further include the processor depositing a fusing agent on an imaged area of the layer of the sinterable material and fusing the imaged area of the layer of the sinterable material using the moveable radiation source.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing build material composition includes a polymer particle, and a radiation absorbing additive mixed with the polymer particle. The radiation absorbing additive has a particle size ranging from about 1 ?m to about 100 ?m, and the radiation absorbing additive is to absorb incident radiation having wavelengths ranging from 700 nm to 10 ?m.

Abstract: In an example of a method for making polymer-encapsulated metallic ink pigment particles, a layer of a transparent resin dispersion is disposed on a flexible substrate. The resin dispersion layer is substantially dried, and a base resin layer is formed. A slurry is disposed onto the base resin layer. The slurry includes metallic pigment particles and polymer particles dispersed in a non-aqueous carrier. The slurry is dried to form a metallic pigment-polymer sheet. Another layer of the transparent resin dispersion is disposed on the metallic pigment-polymer sheet and is dried. A coating resin layer is formed. The metallic pigment-polymer sheet and the base and coating transparent resin layers form a tri-layer film having the metallic pigment particles encapsulated between the base and coating transparent resin layers.

Abstract: In some examples, at least one agent distributor may be to selectively deliver mixtures of coalescing agent and carrier onto portions of a layer of build material at variable coalescing agent concentrations and variable contone densities. A controller may be to control the at least one agent distributor to selectively deliver the mixture to a portion of the layer at a selected coalescing agent concentration and a selected contone density.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the invention, an unlocked mobile device is configured to capture images, analyze the images to detect a user's face, and automatically lock the device in response to determining that a user's face does not appear in the images. The camera capturing and face recognition processing may be triggered by the device having detected that it has been motionless for a threshold period of time. In another embodiment, a locked mobile device is configured to capture an initial image using its camera, capture a new image in response to detecting movement of the device, determine that the device moved to a use position, capture a subsequent image in response to determining that the device moved to a use position, analyze the subsequent image to detect a user's face, and unlock the device in response to detecting the user's face. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract: In an example implementation, a method of three-dimensional (3D) printing includes applying a sinterable material, selectively applying a fusing agent on a portion of the sinterable material, applying a first amount of radiation energy to the portion of the sinterable material, and applying a second amount of radiation energy to the portion of the sinterable material different than the first amount of radiation energy.

Abstract: An example provides a method for forming an apparatus including a substrate imprinted with a pattern for forming isolated device regions. A method may include imprinting an unpatterned area of a substrate with a pattern to form a patterned substrate having a plurality of recessed regions at a first level and a plurality of elevated regions at a second level, and depositing a first layer of conductive material over the patterned substrate with a plurality of breaks to form a plurality of bottom electrodes. The method may include depositing a layer of an active stack, with a second layer of conductive material, over the plurality of bottom electrodes to form a plurality of devices on the plurality of recessed regions isolated from each other by the plurality of elevated regions.

Abstract: In an example implementation, a method of printing a multi-structured three-dimensional (3D) object includes forming a layer of sinterable material. The method includes processing a first portion of the sinterable material using first set of processing parameters and processing a second portion of the sinterable material using a second set of processing parameters. The processed first and second portions form, respectively, parts of a first and second structure of a multi-structured 3D object.

Abstract: In one example, a lighting device for an additive manufacturing machine includes an array of light sources each to emit monochromatic light within a band of wavelengths that includes a peak light absorption of a liquid coalescing agent to be dispensed on to a build material.

Abstract: A method for forming a surface-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SEFS) apparatus may include depositing a plurality of surface-enhanced spectroscopy (SES) elements onto respective tips of a plurality of nano-fingers, wherein the nano-fingers are arranged in sufficiently close proximities to each other to enable the tips of a group of adjacent nano-fingers to come into sufficiently close proximities to each other to enable the SES elements on the tips to trap fluorescent probe molecules that are to bind with target molecules when the nano-fingers are partially collapsed.

Abstract: An example provides a method for forming an apparatus including a substrate imprinted with a pattern for forming isolated device regions. A method may include imprinting an unpatterned area of a substrate with a pattern to form a patterned substrate having a plurality of recessed regions at a first level and a plurality of elevated regions at a second level, and depositing a first layer of conductive material over the patterned substrate with a plurality of breaks to form a plurality of bottom electrodes. The method may include depositing a layer of an active stack, with a second layer of conductive material, over the plurality of bottom electrodes to form a plurality of devices on the plurality of recessed regions isolated from each other by the plurality of elevated regions.