Abstract: An electronic apparatus including a central processing unit (CPU), a chipset, a first interface circuit, a temporary memory, a BIOS (basic input/output system) memory, a second interface circuit and a first switcher is provided. The chipset is coupled to the CPU and the first switcher. The temporary memory is coupled to the first switcher and the first interface circuit. The first interface circuit is coupled to the electronic apparatus and an extended storage including a first BIOS. The second interface circuit is coupled to the first switcher and the BIOS memory. If the first BIOS is stored in the temporary memory, the temporary memory is coupled to the chipset by the first switcher; if the first BIOS is not stored in the temporary memory, the second interface circuit is coupled to the chipset by the first switcher. The electronic device can safely updates the BIOS.

Abstract: A data transmission circuit applied to a universal serial bus (USB) system includes a memory, a direct memory access (DMA) engine and a USB controller. The memory is arranged for receiving and storing external data. The DMA engine is coupled to the memory, and arranged for controlling data retrieved from the memory. The USB controller is coupled to the DMA engine, and arranged for receiving data from the DMA engine and for transmitting the received data to a host. When the memory the stored data volume reaches a first threshold, the DMA engine starts continuously fetching data from the memory and transmitting it to the USB controller, until the data volume fetched by the DMA engine reaches a second threshold, or there is no data left in the memory. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

Abstract: A data transmission circuit applied to a universal serial bus (USB) system includes a memory, a direct memory access (DMA) engine and a USB controller. The memory is arranged for receiving and storing external data. The DMA engine is coupled to the memory, and arranged for controlling data retrieved from the memory. The USB controller is coupled to the DMA engine, and arranged for receiving data from the DMA engine and for transmitting the received data to a host. When the memory the stored data volume reaches a first threshold, the DMA engine starts continuously fetching data from the memory and transmitting it to the USB controller, until the data volume fetched by the DMA engine reaches a second threshold, or there is no data left in the memory. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus including a central processing unit (CPU), a chipset, a first interface circuit, a temporary memory, a BIOS (basic input/output system) memory, a second interface circuit and a first switcher is provided. The chipset is coupled to the CPU and the first switcher. The temporary memory is coupled to the first switcher and the first interface circuit. The first interface circuit is coupled to the electronic apparatus and an extended storage including a first BIOS. The second interface circuit is coupled to the first switcher and the BIOS memory. If the first BIOS is stored in the temporary memory, the temporary memory is coupled to the chipset by the first switcher; if the first BIOS is not stored in the temporary memory, the second interface circuit is coupled to the chipset by the first switcher. The electronic device can safely updates the BIOS.

Abstract: A memory access system for accessing a basic input output system (BIOS) program is provided. The memory access system includes a flash memory, a CPU, a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) slave, an address converter and a flash memory controller. The flash memory stores a number of BIOS data of the BIOS program, and each BIOS data corresponds to a default BIOS address and is allocated in a flash memory type BIOS address. The CPU delivers a BIOS access instruction. The BIOS access instruction corresponds to a default target address of the default BIOS addresses. After the PCI slave interprets the BIOS access instruction, the address converter converts the default target address into a flash memory type target address, which is one of the flash memory type BIOS address. The flash memory controller accesses the BIOS data allocated at the flash memory type target address accordingly.

Abstract: A bridge is disclosed. The bridge comprises a first interface having at least one multiplexed clock signal line. The multiplexed clock signal line outputs first and second control signals for respectively controlling the access to first and second devices coupled to the bridge. The bridge selectively outputs the first clock signal or the second clock signal to the multiplexed clock signal line to access the first device or the second device respectively.

Abstract: A memory access system for accessing a basic input output system (BIOS) program is provided. The memory access system includes a flash memory, a CPU, a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) slave, an address converter and a flash memory controller. The flash memory stores a number of BIOS data of the BIOS program, and each BIOS data corresponds to a default BIOS address and is allocated in a flash memory type BIOS address. The CPU delivers a BIOS access instruction. The BIOS access instruction corresponds to a default target address of the default BIOS addresses. After the PCI slave interprets the BIOS access instruction, the address converter converts the default target address into a flash memory type target address, which is one of the flash memory type BIOS address. The flash memory controller accesses the BIOS data allocated at the flash memory type target address accordingly.

Abstract: A bus controller and a control method are used in a computer system. In a bus controller, a bus controller main circuit issues a first signal to the central processing unit in response to a bus configuration cycle for indicating the presence of a first-level bus that the first group of components is coupled to. A virtual bridge device issues a second signal to the central processing unit in response to the bus configuration cycle for indicating the presence of a second-level bus that the second group of components is coupled to. A path selection unit electrically connected to the first and second groups of components via the first-level and second-level buses, respectively, outputs a normal device select signal to one of the first-level and second-level buses while outputting an invalid device select signal to the other of the first-level and second-level buses according to address data of a transaction.

Abstract: A method for determining an operating voltage of floating point error detection is implemented by a central processing unit (CPU) and a south bridge chipset. The CPU has a first output port connected to a test port of the south bridge. The test port is used to determine an operating voltage of the CPU. If the operating voltage of the CPU is greater than a predetermined value, the first output port is floating. If the operating voltage of the CPU is smaller than the predetermined value, the first output port is grounded. The method includes using a power supply and a resistor to provide a bias voltage and for measuring a voltage of the test port to determine the operating voltage of the CPU.

Abstract: A bus controller and a control method are used in a computer system. In a bus controller, a bus controller main circuit issues a first signal to the central processing unit in response to a bus configuration cycle for announcing a first-level bus that the first group of components is coupled to. A virtual bridge device issues a second signal to the central processing unit in response to the bus configuration cycle for announcing a second-level bus that the second group of components is coupled to. A path selection unit electrically connected to the first and second groups of components via the first-level and second-level buses, respectively, outputs a normal device select signal to one of the first-level and second-level buses while outputting an invalid device select signal to the other of the first-level and second-level buses according to address data of a transaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a circuit system for data transmission between LPC devices, comprising: a first LPC bus, connected to a first LPC device; a second LPC bus, connected to a second LPC device; and an LPC host controller, able to drive the first LPC device through the first LPC bus and the second LPC device through the second LPC bus; wherein the LPC host controller further comprises an address register. The present invention further provides a method for data transmission between LPC devices, comprising the steps of: starting a first cycle through a first LPC bus by an LPC host controller, wherein a first LPC device sends a request to have a transaction with a second LPC device, and inserting a plurality of wait states after the request is received by the LPC host controller; and starting a second cycle through a second LPC bus by the LPC host controller, wherein the LPC host controller has a transaction with the second LPC device according to the request from the first LPC device.

Abstract: A method for accessing a memory of a computer system for BIOS codes optionally performs a detection procedure to realize a maximum memory burst read size of the memory according to a flag value upon the computer system is initialized. For example, the detection procedure is performed when the flag value is logic “1” and the detection procedure is not performed when the flag value is logic “0”. When the detection procedure is performed, read requests with sequentially reduced memory burst read sizes are asserted to the memory one by one until the maximum memory burst read size of the memory is realized. Then, the BIOS codes are read from the memory with the maximum memory burst read size.

Abstract: A method for determining an operating voltage of floating point error detection is implemented by a central processing unit (CPU) and a south bridge chipset. The CPU has a first output port connected to a test port of the south bridge. The test port is used to determine an operating voltage of the CPU. If the operating voltage of the CPU is greater than a predetermined value, the first output port is floating. If the operating voltage of the CPU is smaller than the predetermined value, the first output port is grounded. The method includes using a power supply and a resistor to provide a bias voltage and for measuring a voltage of the test port to determine the operating voltage of the CPU.

Abstract: The present invention provides a circuit system for data transmission between LPC devices, comprising: a first LPC bus, connected to a first LPC device; a second LPC bus, connected to a second LPC device; and an LPC host controller, able to drive the first LPC device through the first LPC bus and the second LPC device through the second LPC bus; wherein the LPC host controller further comprises an address register. The present invention further provides a method for data transmission between LPC devices, comprising the steps of: starting a first cycle through a first LPC bus by an LPC host controller, wherein a first LPC device sends a request to have a transaction with a second LPC device, and inserting a plurality of wait states after the request is received by the LPC host controller; and starting a second cycle through a second LPC bus by the LPC host controller, wherein the LPC host controller has a transaction with the second LPC device according to the request from the first LPC device.