Abstract: A receiver for a wireless communication device comprising a mechanism for performing spur mitigation. An AGC unit of the receiver is operable to determine when an amplitude of an ADC output signal associated with a received RF signal is outside a predetermined amplitude range. The AGC unit is operable to modify a gain associated with a VGA such that the ADC output signal has an amplitude within the predetermined amplitude rage. The first spur mitigation unit is operable to determine an estimate of a spur signal of the ADC output signal and remove the spur signal from the ADC output signal based on the estimate of the spur signal. The first spur mitigation unit comprises a moving average filter operable to generate the estimate of the spur signal. The AGC unit is further operable to reset the moving average filter of the first spur mitigation unit when the AGC unit modifies the gain associated with the VGA.

Abstract: A mechanism for mitigating inter-user interference in a multi-user wireless communication environment is disclosed. A first network device determines a plurality of steering matrices, associated with a corresponding plurality of subcarriers, for each of multiple destination devices associated with the first network device. A phase difference between corresponding steering vectors of each pair of consecutive steering matrices of the plurality of steering matrices associated with each of the destination devices is determined and phase rotation is performed to maintain phase continuity between the consecutive steering matrices. One or more pre-coding matrices are calculated based on at least a subset of the plurality of steering matrices associated with the multiple destination devices. The one or more pre-coding matrices are applied to data to be transmitted to the multiple destination devices to mitigate interference between each of the multiple destination devices.

Abstract: A mechanism for processing beamforming steering matrices in a transceiver system. A plurality of beamforming steering matrices associated with a plurality of subcarriers of an RF signal received at the transceiver system are generated. The beamforming steering matrices are compressed and stored. The beamforming steering matrices may also be grouped or sub-sampled prior to being stored. The beamforming steering matrices are decompressed and ungrouped before being applied to data to be transmitted. Prior to ungrouping the beamforming steering matrices, a phase difference between corresponding beamforming steering vectors of consecutive beamforming steering matrices is determined. Phase rotation is performed on the corresponding beamforming steering vectors based on the determined phase difference associated with the corresponding beamforming steering vectors to improve phase continuity between consecutive beamforming steering matrices.

Abstract: Provided is a method for forming a composite barrier layer with superior barrier qualities and superior adhesion properties to both dielectric materials and conductive materials as the composite barrier layer extends throughout the semiconductor device. The composite barrier layer may be formed in regions where it is disposed between two conductive layers and in regions where it is disposed between a conductive layer and a dielectric material. The composite barrier layer may consist of various pluralities of layers and the arrangement of layers that form the composite barrier layer may differ as the barrier layer extends throughout different sections of the device. Amorphous layers of the composite barrier layer generally form boundaries with dielectric materials and crystalline layers generally form boundaries with conductive materials such as interconnect materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for controlling toxicity of metallic particles and a low-toxicity composite of metallic nanoparticles and inorganic clay. The metallic nanoparticles are effective in preventing infection and in skinning over, and thus suitable for treating scalds/burns. In the composite, the weight ratio of metallic nanoparticles to inorganic clay preferably ranges 0.1/99.9 to 6.0/94.0 in a size of about 5 to 100 nm. Preferably, the metal is silver and the inorganic clay is nano silicate platelets.

Abstract: A touch sensing display device includes a first substrate; a second substrate parallel to the first substrate, a plurality of scanning lines and sensing lines being disposed on the second substrate, and the scanning lines being interlaced with the sensing lines; a plurality of touch switches disposed on the second substrate, each touch switch being connected between one scanning line and one sensing line in series; and a plurality of spacers disposed on the first substrate corresponding to the touch switches, respectively, each spacer having a conductive layer disposed on a bottom side facing to the corresponding touch switch, and having isolating surfaces on the other sides, wherein each touch switch has a turned-on state and a turned-off state, and the conductive layer of the spacer corresponding thereto causes said touch switch to be changed from the turned-off state to the turned-on state when a touch event is received.

Abstract: A fabricating method and structure form a wafer level module with a solid adhesive film. A first solid adhesive film includes a first release film and a second release film that respectively cover a first surface and a second surface of the first solid adhesive film. Openings are patterned through the first solid adhesive film. After removing parts of the first release film to expose the first surface of the first solid adhesive film, the exposed first surface of the first solid adhesive film is aligned and adhered to a first substrate.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for building data objects for online display advertising. In one example, the method includes providing two or more forms configured for receiving data objects for an ad campaign, wherein the two or more forms sufficiently compartmentalize the ad campaign in order to facilitate entry of the data objects, providing a navigation interface configured for facilitating navigation among the two or more forms, receiving the data objects into the two or more forms, and receiving at least one request into the navigation interface.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes a power source, a control unit, a main unit, a conversion unit, a switch unit and an output unit. The control unit is configured for generating a control signal according to predetermined properties for an electric acupuncture and outputting an on signal. The main unit is configured for implementing communication functions of the wireless communication device. The conversion unit is configured for modulating a voltage from the power source according to the control signal to generate a series of electric pulses, the electric pulses ranging from 100 to 180 volts with a frequency at 0 to 20 hertz. The switch unit is configured for receiving the on signal and the electric pulses and outputting the electric pulses according to the on signal. The output unit is configured for receiving the electric pulses and applying the electric pulses to a user.

Abstract: A method of forming an integrated circuit structure includes forming a dielectric layer; forming an opening in the dielectric layer; performing a first deposition step to form a seed layer in a first chamber; and performing a first etch step to remove a portion of the seed layer. The method may further include performing a second deposition step to increase the thickness of the seed layer. At least one of the first etch step and the second deposition step is performed in a second chamber different from the first chamber.

Abstract: A method for operating a user interface for switching between computer applications is provided. The method may include displaying first, second and third navigation controls. The first navigation control may include entity selectors, the second navigation control may include application selectors, and the third navigation control may include sub-application selectors. The application selectors may be associated with the entities in the first navigation control and the sub-application selectors may be associated with the application selectors. An application associated with sub-application selector may be launched upon selecting the sub-application selector. The state of an application may be stored and retrieved upon switching between applications so as to enable fast switching between applications.

Abstract: A method of forming an integrated circuit structure includes forming a dielectric layer; forming an opening in the dielectric layer; performing a first deposition step to form a seed layer in a first chamber; and performing a first etch step to remove a portion of the seed layer. The method may further include performing a second deposition step to increase the thickness of the seed layer. At least one of the first etch step and the second deposition step is performed in a second chamber different from the first chamber.

Abstract: A method of forming a seed layer of an interconnect structure includes forming a dielectric layer; forming an opening in the dielectric layer; performing a first deposition step to form the seed layer; and in-situ performing a first etch step to remove a portion of the seed layer. The method may further includes additional deposition and etch steps for forming the seed layer.

Abstract: A stably-dispersed composite of metal nanoparticles and inorganic clay and a method for producing the composite, in which interlayered charges of the clay are replaced with the metal ions, which are then reduced to metal particles by a reducing agent. The metal particles will not aggregate together and can be stably uniformly dispersed with particle sizes smaller than conventional metal nanoparticles, and therefore have better antibiotic effect, catalytic ability and other advantages. Antibacterials in a solvent containing 0.01 wt % or more of the metal nanoparticles and inorganic clay are prepared and confirmed to be effective.

Abstract: Dichroic dyes, compositions thereof, and liquid crystal compositions, microencapsulated liquid crystal compositions and liquid-crystal display elements employing the same. The dichroic dyes have high photostability in addition to excellent solubility. Furthermore, the liquid crystal composition employing the above dichroic dyes can have an orientational order parameter more than 0.7.

Abstract: Provided is a method for forming a composite barrier layer with superior barrier qualities and superior adhesion properties to both dielectric materials and conductive materials as the composite barrier layer extends throughout the semiconductor device. The composite barrier layer may be formed in regions where it is disposed between two conductive layers and in regions where it is disposed between a conductive layer and a dielectric material. The composite barrier layer may consist of various pluralities of layers and the arrangement of layers that form the composite barrier layer may differ as the barrier layer extends throughout different sections of the device. Amorphous layers of the composite barrier layer generally form boundaries with dielectric materials and crystalline layers generally form boundaries with conductive materials such as interconnect materials.

Abstract: A system for dynamic headline switching. The system includes a database, a display module, an Interface module, and a search engine. The database contains entry data for accessing content such as stories, pictures, or videos. The display engine generates a display including a current headline. The Interface module indexes through each headline, for example, at a predetermined time interval, to provide new and updated information to the user. The search engine queries the database and generates a list of entries allowing the user to access content related to the current headline.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus of IQ imbalance compensation for a receiver. The repetitive attribute of the preamble in a signal received by the receiver is used to estimate the IQ imbalance parameters. The data carried by the preamble repeats itself every N sampling intervals. A MSE equation is derived based on assuming the ratios between any two sampling points separated by N samples are identical, and the IQ imbalance parameters can be estimated by solving the MSE equation using the LS algorithm. Consequently, the IQ mismatch offset of the signal is compensated according to the estimated parameters.

Abstract: A storage structure and method having multiple protocol processor units are disclosed. The storage structure comprises a host CPU, a main memory, a storage device, a switch fabric, and a host bus adapter module. The host bus adapter module includes a plurality of protocol processor nodes for processing frames received from a network, and storing those frames into the storage device. A processing module of the host bus adapter module extracts the session information of each frame and compares it with entries recorded in a look-up table. If the connection information hits one entry of the look-up table, the frame can be bypassed into a corresponding protocol processor node according to the definition of the look-up table. Otherwise, a new entry will be inserted into the look-up table for designating a corresponding protocol processor node.

Abstract: A composite barrier layer provides superior barrier qualities and superior adhesion properties to both dielectric materials and conductive materials as the composite barrier layer extends throughout the semiconductor device. The composite barrier layer may be formed in regions where it is disposed between two conductive layers and in regions where it is disposed between a conductive layer and a dielectric material. The composite barrier layer may consist of various pluralities of layers and the arrangement of layers that form the composite barrier layer may differ as the barrier layer extends throughout different sections of the device. Amorphous layers of the composite barrier layer are generally disposed to form boundaries with dielectric materials and crystalline layers are generally disposed to form boundaries with conductive materials such as interconnect materials.