Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device structure is provided. The method includes forming a masking structure with first openings over a semiconductor substrate and correspondingly forming metal layers in the first openings. The method also includes recessing the masking structure to form second openings between the metal layers and forming a sacrificial layer surrounded by a first liner in each of the second openings. In addition, after forming a second liner over the sacrificial layer in each of the second openings, the method includes removing the sacrificial layer in each of the second openings to form a plurality of air gaps therefrom.

Abstract: A static random access memory (SRAM) periphery circuit includes a first n-type transistor and a second n-type transistor that are disposed in a first well region of first conductivity type, the first well region occupies a first distance in a row direction equal to a bitcell-pitch of an SRAM array. The SRAM periphery circuit includes a first p-type transistor and a second p-type transistor that are disposed in a second well region of second conductivity type. The second well region occupies a second distance in the row direction equal to the bitcell-pitch of the SRAM array. The second well region is disposed adjacent to the first well region in the row direction.

Abstract: The driving circuit of the display includes a timing controller. The timing controller is coupled to a general purpose input/output (GPIO) pin of the touch driver. The timing controller receives an instruction signal via the GPIO pin of the touch driver. The timing controller starts a detection period according to a first edge switched from a first voltage level to a second voltage level of the instruction signal. The timing controller detects a number of pulse signals of the instruction signal, and determines a current operating status of the touch driver according to the number of pulse signals of the instruction signal during the detection period. The timing controller determines that the current operating status of the touch driver is one of touch operation type statuses according to the number of pulse signals of the instruction signal during the detection period being a default number.

Abstract: The driving circuit of the display includes a timing controller. The timing controller is coupled to a general purpose input/output (GPIO) pin of the touch driver. The timing controller receives an instruction signal via the general purpose input/output pin of the touch driver. The timing controller starts a detection period according to a main falling edge of the instruction signal. The timing controller determines a current operating status of the touch driver according to a number of sub-falling edges of the instruction signal during the detection period.

Abstract: An electronic paper display and a driving method thereof are provided. The electronic paper display includes an electronic paper display panel, a touch panel and a processing circuit. The touch panel outputs a first touch coordinate of a current touch and a second touch coordinate of a next touch. The processing circuit executes a filter module and a line drawing module. The filter module outputs a first measured position data and a first predicted position data to the line drawing module. The line drawing module drives the electronic paper display panel to display a first predicted track. The filter module outputs a second measured position data to the line drawing module. The line drawing module determines whether a second track display coordinate corresponding to the second measured position data is equal to the first predicted display coordinate to correct the first predicted track.

Abstract: An electronic paper display device and an operation method thereof are provided. The electronic paper display device includes an electronic paper display panel and a timing controller. The timing controller includes a first image buffer memory, a second image buffer memory, and an update buffer memory. The timing controller receives a touch track data. The first image buffer memory and the second image buffer memory are a ping-pong buffer architecture, and receive a video stream in staggered timing. The second image buffer memory receives the touch track data and simultaneously updates a current display screen data stored in the update buffer memory when the first image buffer memory receives the video stream to update the current display screen data into the update buffer memory. The timing controller drives the electronic paper display panel according to the current display screen data.

Abstract: A method for measuring interfacial stress and residual stress in multilayer thin films coated on a substrate is disclosed. First of all, a residual stress measurement process is applied to each thin film of a multi-layered structure. Subsequently, after two kinds of interfacial stress (FHL, FLH) are calculated, a mathematical formula for estimating at least one adjusting parameter is derived based on the two interfacial stresses. As a result, a modified Ennos formula is obtained by involving the adjusting parameters into the Ennos formula, such that a residual stress in the multi-layered structure (i.e., multilayer thin films) is therefore calculated by using the modified Ennos formula.

Abstract: An E-paper display device including an E-paper display panel and a display driver is provided. The E-paper display panel displays an image. The image includes a first frame and a second frame. The display driver is coupled to the E-paper display panel. The display driver drives the E-paper display panel to display the image. The display driver drives a first pixel group of the E-paper display panel in a first polarity and drives a second pixel group of the E-paper display panel in a second polarity to display the first frame during a first frame period. The first pixel group and the second pixel group are arranged in interlacing. The display driver drives the second pixel group of the E-paper display panel in the first polarity to display the second frame during a second frame period. Moreover, a method for driving an E-paper display panel is also provided.

Abstract: An e-paper display device, including a driver circuit. The driver circuit is coupled to the e-paper display panel and drives the e-paper display panel to display one or more line segments, which include a current display line segment and a target display line segment. During a frame period, the driver circuit pre-drives a display area to display a first color according to the current display line segment. At least part of the target display line segment is located in the display area. During a next frame period, the driver circuit drives a part of the display area excluding the target display line segment to display a second color and a part of the display area including the target display line segment to display the first color according to the target display line segment. A method for driving an e-paper display panel.

Abstract: An electronic paper display device and an operation method thereof are provided. The electronic paper display device includes an electronic paper display panel and a timing controller. The timing controller includes a first image buffer memory, a second image buffer memory, and an update buffer memory. The timing controller receives a touch track data. The first image buffer memory and the second image buffer memory are a ping-pong buffer architecture, and receive a video stream in staggered timing. The second image buffer memory receives the touch track data and simultaneously updates a current display screen data stored in the update buffer memory when the first image buffer memory receives the video stream to update the current display screen data into the update buffer memory. The timing controller drives the electronic paper display panel according to the current display screen data.

Abstract: A driving circuit of a display and an operation method of a timing controller are provided. The driving circuit of the display includes a timing controller. The timing controller is coupled to a general purpose input/output (GPIO) pin of the touch driver. The timing controller receives an instruction signal via the general purpose input/output pin of the touch driver. The timing controller starts a detection period according to a main falling edge of the instruction signal. The timing controller determines a current operating status of the touch driver according to a number of sub-falling edges of the instruction signal during the detection period.

Abstract: An electronic paper display and a driving method thereof are provided. The electronic paper display includes an electronic paper display panel, a touch panel and a processing circuit. The touch panel outputs a first touch coordinate of a current touch and a second touch coordinate of a next touch. The processing circuit executes a filter module and a line drawing module. The filter module outputs a first measured position data and a first predicted position data to the line drawing module. The line drawing module drives the electronic paper display panel to display a first predicted track. The filter module outputs a second measured position data to the line drawing module. The line drawing module determines whether a second track display coordinate corresponding to the second measured position data is equal to the first predicted display coordinate to correct the first predicted track.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a substrate, an electrophoretic display film, a plurality of second electrodes, and a plurality of third electrodes. The electrophoretic display film is disposed on the substrate and includes a display medium layer and a first electrode. The second electrodes and the third electrodes are disposed on the substrate and located between the display medium layer and the substrate. A first voltage received by each of the second electrodes is controlled by a corresponding thin-film transistor. The third electrodes and the second electrodes are alternately disposed in a direction. The first voltage is different from a second voltage received by the third electrodes.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device, including a substrate, a first conductive layer, multiple insulating patterns, a second conductive layer, an adhesive layer, and an electrophoretic display film, is provided. The first conductive layer is disposed on the substrate, and includes multiple background patterns and multiple signal lines. Each of the signal lines is located between two adjacent background patterns. Each of the insulating patterns covers each of the signal lines and bridges to the two adjacent background patterns. The second conductive layer includes multiple conductive patterns. Each of the conductive patterns covers the each of the insulating patterns and bridges to the two adjacent background patterns. The adhesive layer is disposed on and in direct contact with the background pattern and the second conductive layer. The electrophoretic display film is disposed above the adhesive layer.

Abstract: An e-paper display device, including an e-paper display panel and a driver circuit, is provided. The driver circuit is coupled to the e-paper display panel and drives the e-paper display panel to display one or more line segments, which include a current display line segment and a target display line segment. During a frame period, the driver circuit pre-drives a display area to display a first color according to the current display line segment. At least part of the target display line segment is located in the display area. During a next frame period, the driver circuit drives a part of the display area excluding the target display line segment to display a second color and a part of the display area including the target display line segment to display the first color according to the target display line segment. A method for driving an e-paper display panel is provided.

Abstract: An E-paper display device including an E-paper display panel and a display driver is provided. The E-paper display panel displays an image. The image includes a first frame and a second frame. The display driver is coupled to the E-paper display panel. The display driver drives the E-paper display panel to display the image. The display driver drives a first pixel group of the E-paper display panel in a first polarity and drives a second pixel group of the E-paper display panel in a second polarity to display the first frame during a first frame period. The first pixel group and the second pixel group are arranged in interlacing. The display driver drives the second pixel group of the E-paper display panel in the first polarity to display the second frame during a second frame period. Moreover, a method for driving an E-paper display panel is also provided.

Abstract: A timing controller circuit of an electronic paper display apparatus including an image processing circuit and a timing controller is provided. The image processing circuit receives an image signal and analyzes the image signal according to a signal component of the image signal, so as to determine a display mode of the electronic paper display apparatus. The image processing circuit selects a driving signal waveform according to the determined display mode. The timing controller is electrically connected to the image processing circuit. The timing controller outputs the selected driving signal waveform to drive an electronic paper display panel of the electronic paper display apparatus to display image frames.

Abstract: A display device and a display driving method are provided. The display device includes a display panel and a timing controller. A timing controller is configured to drive the display panel. A memory is configured to store previous image data. The timing controller sequentially receives a plurality of current image data during an image update period, and compares the plurality of current image data to the previous image data to sequentially generate a plurality of driving signals. The timing controller sequentially outputs the plurality of driving signals to the display panel during the screen update period to update a display screen of the display panel.

Abstract: Conventional optical-transmission-type residual stress measuring apparatus cannot be used for completing the measurement of residual stress in an optical film having light reflective property, and conventional optical-reflection-type residual stress measuring apparatus is known failing to achieving the measurement of residual stress in an optical thin film having transparent or translucent property. In view of that, the present invention discloses a system for measuring residual stress in optical thin films, which is able to be utilized for achieving the residual stress measurement of respective optical thin film having transparent or translucent property and that of respective optical thin film having light reflective property.

Abstract: Conventional optical-transmission-type residual stress measuring apparatus cannot be used for completing the measurement of residual stress in an optical film having light reflective property, and conventional optical-reflection-type residual stress measuring apparatus is known failing to achieving the measurement of residual stress in an optical thin film having transparent or translucent property. In view of that, the present invention discloses a system for measuring residual stress in optical thin films, which is able to be utilized for achieving the residual stress measurement of respective optical thin film having transparent or translucent property and that of respective optical thin film having light reflective property.