Abstract: Glass and glass ceramic compositions having a combination of lithium disilicate and ?-spodumene crystalline phases along with methods of making the glass and glass ceramic compositions are described. The compositions are compatible with conventional rolling and float processes and have high mechanical strength and fracture resistance. Further, the compositions are able to be chemically tempered to even higher strength glass ceramics that are useful as large substrates in multiple applications.

Abstract: Glass and glass ceramic compositions having a combination of lithium disilicate and -spodumene crystalline phases along with methods of making the glass and glass ceramic compositions are described. The compositions are compatible with conventional rolling and float processes and have high mechanical strength and fracture resistance. Further, the compositions are able to be chemically tempered to even higher strength glass ceramics that are useful as large substrates in multiple applications.

Abstract: Glass and glass ceramic compositions having a combination of lithium disilicate and ?-spodumene crystalline phases along with methods of making the glass and glass ceramic compositions are described. The compositions are compatible with conventional rolling and float processes and have high mechanical strength and fracture resistance. Further, the compositions are able to be chemically tempered to even higher strength glass ceramics that are useful as large substrates in multiple applications.

Abstract: Glass and glass ceramic compositions having a combination of lithium disilicate and -spodumene crystalline phases along with methods of making the glass and glass ceramic compositions are described. The compositions are compatible with conventional rolling and float processes and have high mechanical strength and fracture resistance. Further, the compositions are able to be chemically tempered to even higher strength glass ceramics that are useful as large substrates in multiple applications.

Abstract: Glass and glass ceramic compositions having a combination of lithium disilicate and -spodumene crystalline phases along with methods of making the glass and glass ceramic compositions are described. The compositions are compatible with conventional rolling and float processes and have high mechanical strength and fracture resistance. Further, the compositions are able to be chemically tempered to even higher strength glass ceramics that are useful as large substrates in multiple applications.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 SiO2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li2O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO ] [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] ?between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ? ? ratio ? : ? [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 ] [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] ?greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 SiO2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li3O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO _ ] ? [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ratio: [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 _ ] ? [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 Si O2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li2O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO ] [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ratio: [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 ] [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 SiO2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li2O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO ] [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ? ? ratio ? : ? [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 ] [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 SiO2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li2O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO _ ] ? [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ratio: [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 _ ] ? [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: Crystallizable glasses, glass-ceramics, IXable glass-ceramics, and IX glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics exhibit ?-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase. These glasses and glass-ceramics, in mole %, include: 62-75 SiO2; 10.5-17 Al2O3; 5-13 Li2O; 0-4 ZnO; 0-8 MgO; 2-5 TiO2; 0-4 B2O3; 0-5 Na2O; 0-4 K2O; 0-2 ZrO2; 0-7 P2O5; 0-0.3 Fe2O3; 0-2 MnOx; and 0.05-0.2 SnO2. Additionally, these glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit the following criteria: a. a ratio: [ Li 2 ? O + Na 2 ? O + K 2 ? O + MgO + ZnO ] [ Al 2 ? O 3 + B 2 ? O 3 ] ?between 0.7 to 1.5; b. a ratio: [ TiO 2 + SnO 2 ] [ SiO 2 + B 2 ? O 3 ] ?greater than 0.04. Furthermore, the glass-ceramics exhibit an opacity ?about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.

Abstract: A housing/enclosure/cover can include an ion-exchanged glass exhibiting the following attributes (1) radio, and microwave frequency transparency, as defined by a loss tangent of less than 0.03 and at a frequency range of between 15 MHz to 3.0 GHz; (2) infrared transparency; (3) a fracture toughness of greater than 0.6 MPa·m1/2; (4) a 4-point bend strength of greater than 350 MPa; (5) a Vickers hardness of at least 450 kgf/mm2 and a Vickers median/radial crack initiation threshold of at least 5 kgf; (6) a Young's Modulus ranging between about 50 to 100 GPa;; (7) a thermal conductivity of less than 2.0 W/m° C., and (9) and at least one of the following attributes: (i) a compressive surface layer having a depth of layer (DOL) greater and a compressive stress greater than 400 MPa, or, (ii) a central tension of more than 20 MPa.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for producing a gallium nitride semiconductor on insulator structure include: bonding a single crystal silicon layer to a transparent substrate; and growing a single crystal gallium nitride layer on the single crystal silicon layer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for producing a gallium nitride semiconductor on insulator structure include: bonding a single crystal silicon layer to a transparent substrate; and growing a single crystal gallium nitride layer on the single crystal silicon layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass articles suitable for use as electronic device housing/enclosure or protective cover which comprise a glass material. Particularly, a housing/enclosure/cover comprising an ion-exchanged glass exhibiting the following attributes (1) radio, and microwave frequency transparency, as defined by a loss tangent of less than 0.03 and at a frequency range of between 15 MHz to 3.0 GHz; (2) infrared transparency; (3) a fracture toughness of greater than 0.6 MPa·m1/2; (4) a 4-point bend strength of greater than 350 MPa; (5) a Vickers hardness of at least 450 kgf/mm2 and a Vickers median/radial crack initiation threshold of at least 5 kgf, (6) a Young's Modulus ranging between about 50 to 100 GPa; (7) a thermal conductivity of less than 2.0 W/m° C., and (9) and at least one of the following attributes: (i) a compressive surface layer having a depth of layer (DOL) greater and a compressive stress greater than 400 MPa, or, (ii) a central tension of more than 20 MPa.

Abstract: A transparent armor laminate system is described that utilizes a glass-ceramic material as the strike-face material, one or a plurality of intermediate layers, and a backing material. This laminate system offers improved performance with reduced weight over conventional all-glass or all-glass-ceramic transparent armor systems. The glass-ceramic material consists of a glass phase and a crystalline phase, the crystalline phase being selected from a group consisting of beta-quartz, mullite and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to opaque, colored glass-ceramic articles and to the production of opaque, colored glass-ceramic articles which can be readily formed to a desired shape using standard metal-working tools. The glass-ceramic material used to make such articles contains mica crystals as the predominant phase. The desired color is obtained through the addition of a colorant system to the precursor glass. In a particular embodiment the invention is directed to a black glass-ceramic article, the black color being obtained by the addition of iron oxides in levels as high as 20 wt %, which can yield a glass-ceramic having an iron-rice mica phase and/or a glass ceramic having an iron-rich mica phase plus an iron oxide phase.

Abstract: The invention relates glass ceramic articles suitable for use as electronic device housing or enclosures which comprise a glass-ceramic material. Particularly, a glass-ceramic article housing/enclosure comprising a glass-ceramic material exhibiting both radio and microwave frequency transparency, as defined by a loss tangent of less than 0.5 and at a frequency range of between 15 MHz to 3.0 GHz, a fracture toughness of greater than 1.5 MPa·m1/2, an equibiaxial flexural strength (ROR strength) of greater than 100 MPa, a Knoop hardness of at least 400 kg/mm2, a thermal conductivity of less than 4 W/m° C. and a porosity of less than 0.1%.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches the use of low density, “open”-structure glasses as backing glasses, behind glass-ceramic strike-faces, in transparent armor composite windows. These low density “open-structure’ glasses are sometimes referred to as “anomalous” glasses. For transparent armor applications both silica, including fused silica, and borosilicate glasses can be used as backing glass. These backing glasses provide improved ballistics performance over that of standard commercial soda lime backing glass. These glasses should be used either in their as-formed state (e.g. float surfaces) or should be finished using a process designed for minimizing sub-surface damage.

Abstract: The invention is directed to transparent glass-ceramic materials for use in transparent armor systems. Applications include armor systems for ground vehicles and aircraft as well as personal protective equipment. The glass-ceramic materials according to the invention exhibit a ballistic limit vs. areal density line slope of 1.0 or greater, preferably 1.1 or greater and more preferably 1.2 or greater. The crystalline phase of the glass ceramic materials may include ?-quartz, spinel, spinel solid solutions, mullite and phases known in the art to be transparent.