Abstract: Apparatus and systems of liquid metal-based tunable coaxial antenna for microwave ablation are described. Tunable antennas are capable of maintaining the optimal impedance matching in different organs of treatment as well as actively improving tissue heating during the course of the ablation. Efficient energy delivery to various tumor tissue and tissue conditions is critical in creating larger tumor margins and reducing the risk for local tumor progression. Efficient energy delivery can also help decrease the need for aggressive cooling mechanism from reflected power and antenna shaft heating. The tuning can be achieved by small physical motion of liquid metal plug actuated by pressure regulator.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for electrodes and sensors having nanowires. According to an embodiment as described, a dry sensor is provided. Nanowires, such as silver nanowires, are positioned within a polymer material, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to form an electrode. A conductive element is attached to the electrode during its formation. Example conductive elements include, but are not limited to, a contact or a wire that may be communicatively coupled to medical equipment.