Abstract: A methodology, including: receiving first input related to expected states of a vehicle and another vehicle or object at impact event initiation with positions, orientations, and velocities as parameters used for impact event evaluation; receiving second input related to expected vehicle occupant position and position transfer during a pre-impact event maneuver; and simulating an impact event involving the vehicle and the another vehicle or object using both the first input and the second input to quantify the performance of a safety system of the vehicle with a combined effect from a collision avoidance feature and an injury prevention feature. The method further includes filtering out a case where a vehicle occupant pre-crash position excursion is expected to exceed a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A methodology, including: receiving first input related to expected states of a vehicle and another vehicle or object at impact event initiation with positions, orientations, and velocities as parameters used for impact event evaluation; receiving second input related to expected vehicle occupant position and position transfer during a pre-impact event maneuver; and simulating an impact event involving the vehicle and the another vehicle or object using both the first input and the second input to quantify the performance of a safety system of the vehicle with a combined effect from a collision avoidance feature and an injury prevention feature. The method further includes filtering out a case where a vehicle occupant pre-crash position excursion is expected to exceed a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A front structure of a vehicle comprises a pair of side members arranged in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a pair of crash boxes arranged at front ends of the side members, and a body back-up structure located at a rear end of the front portion. The front structure is adapted to give an impact response curve with deceleration versus time, when subjected to a full frontal barrier impact at 35 mph according to USNCAP. The impact response curve comprises in sequence: a first phase during which deceleration increases, a second phase forming a first peak level of the deceleration, a third phase during which the deceleration is less than during the second phase, and a fourth phase forming a second peak level of the deceleration, during which fourth phase the deceleration is greater than during the third phase.

Abstract: A safety arrangement for a vehicle comprises a bonnet and at least one support member. In case of a collision between the vehicle and a large animal, the bonnet is supported from beneath by the at least one support member in at least a rear central portion, such that the bonnet forms a ramp for the large animal, the ramp being adapted to direct the large animal over a windscreen and/or a roof structure of the vehicle. A method of mitigating the consequences of a collision between a vehicle and a large animal may be employed in conjunction with the safety arrangement.

Abstract: A front structure of a vehicle comprises a pair of side members arranged in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a pair of crash boxes arranged at front ends of the side members, and a body back-up structure located at a rear end of the front portion. The front structure is adapted to give an impact response curve with deceleration versus time, when subjected to a full frontal barrier impact at 35 mph according to USNCAP. The impact response curve comprises in sequence: a first phase during which deceleration increases, a second phase forming a first peak level of the deceleration, a third phase during which the deceleration is less than during the second phase, and a fourth phase forming a second peak level of the deceleration, during which fourth phase the deceleration is greater than during the third phase.

Abstract: A safety arrangement for a vehicle comprises a bonnet and at least one support member. In case of a collision between the vehicle and a large animal, the bonnet is supported from beneath by the at least one support member in at least a rear central portion, such that the bonnet forms a ramp for the large animal, the ramp being adapted to direct the large animal over a windscreen and/or a roof structure of the vehicle. A method of mitigating the consequences of a collision between a vehicle and a large animal may be employed in conjunction with the safety arrangement.