Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a submarine optical cable system for reducing the complexity of the submarine optical cable system. The submarine optical cable system comprises a first trunk station, a second trunk station, a branch station, first XC equipment, second OXC equipment, a trunk fiber set and a branch fiber. The trunk fiber set at least comprises a first trunk fiber and a second trunk fiber. The branch station is connected with the second trunk fiber arranged between the first OXC equipment and the second OXC equipment through the branch fiber. The first trunk station is configured for sending a first service through a first transmission channel in a first transmission channel set and sending a second service through a second transmission channel in a second transmission channel set. The first OXC equipment is configured for transferring the first transmission channel to the second trunk fiber.

Abstract: A fluorinated phenylarsine oxide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, relating to a pharmaceutical composition containing a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a fluorinated phenylarsine oxide. The fluorinated phenylarsine oxide can be used for treating and preventing cancer and related diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a submarine network device, comprising a fiber set, a pump laser set, an erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) set, a primary fiber coupler (CPL) set and a secondary CPL set, wherein the primary CPL set comprises N primary CPLs, the secondary CPL set comprises N secondary CPLs, with N being an integer greater than or equal to 3. The fiber set is configured to connect the pump laser set, the primary CPL set, the secondary CPL set and the EDFA set. An input port of each primary CPL in the primary CPL set is at least connected with a pump laser. An output port of each secondary CPL in the secondary CPL set is at least connected with an EDFA. Output ports of each primary CPL in the primary CPL set are respectively connected with two different secondary CPLs that are spaced by a secondary CPL, and input ports of each secondary CPL in the secondary CPL set are respectively connected with two different primary CPLs that are spaced by a primary CPL.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrochromic electrochromic elements and devices with high coloration/switching speeds. The high coloration speed electrochromic devices include an insulating layer (16), comprising an electrically insulating material with a dielectric constant of at least 10, and at least one electrochromic material (14, 18) having one or more optical properties that may be changed upon application of an electric potential. Upon provision of an electric potential above a threshold, electrons and holes may be injected into the electrochromic material and blocked by the insulating layer, resulting in an accumulation of the electrons and holes in their respective electrochromic material, which results in a change to the one or more optical properties of the electrochromic material in less than 10 seconds. An opposite electric potential may be provided to reverse the change in the one or more optical properties.

Abstract: The invention discloses a numerical simulation method for the overflowing of river channel structures based on finite volume method. The method firstly acquires plane geometric data, river section data and structure geometric sizes of the river channel. The river channel is discretized by using the one-dimensional finite volume element, and the primitive variable values are stored in the center of the element, wherein the position of the river channel structures is taken as the element special interface. The amount of water passing through the structure interface in each time step is calculated according to the structure overflowing formula. This amount of water is respectively deducted from and increased to the upstream element and the downstream element adjacent to the interface by applying the source item method. The primitive variable values at the special interface are reconstructed by adopting the non-reflection boundary conditions in order to ensure the continuity of calculation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrochromic elements (10) and devices (110) comprising an electrochromic material layer (114), an insulating layer (116), and a bulk heterojunction layer (118), having one or more optical properties that may be changed upon application of an electric potential. Upon provision of an electric potential above a threshold, electrons and holes may be injected into the electrochromic layer (114) and bulk heterojunction layer (118), and blocked by the insulating layer (116), resulting in an accumulation of the electrons and holes in their respective electrochromic material resulting in a change to the one or more optical properties of the electrochromic materials (114; 118). An opposite electric potential may be provided to reverse the change in the one or more optical properties.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrochromic devices including an insulating layer and at least one electrochromic material having one or more optical properties that may be changed upon application of an electric potential. The device may include a conductive nanoparticle layer and/or a buffer layer. Upon provision of an electric potential above a threshold, electrons and holes may be injected into the electrochromic material and blocked by the insulating layer, resulting in an accumulation of the electrons and holes in their respective electrochromic material resulting in a change to the one or more optical properties of the electrochromic material. An opposite electric potential may be provided to reverse the change in the one or more optical properties.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a submarine optical cable system for reducing the complexity of the submarine optical cable system. The submarine optical cable system comprises a first trunk station, a second trunk station, a branch station, first XC equipment, second OXC equipment, a trunk fiber set and a branch fiber. The trunk fiber set at least comprises a first trunk fiber and a second trunk fiber. The branch station is connected with the second trunk fiber arranged between the first OXC equipment and the second OXC equipment through the branch fiber. The first trunk station is configured for sending a first service through a first transmission channel in a first transmission channel set and sending a second service through a second transmission channel in a second transmission channel set. The first OXC equipment is configured for transferring the first transmission channel to the second trunk fiber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrochromic devices including an insulating layer and at least one electrochromic material having one or more optical properties that may be changed upon application of an electric potential. The device may include a conductive nanoparticle layer and/or a buffer layer. Upon provision of an electric potential above a threshold, electrons and holes may be injected into the electrochromic material and blocked by the insulating layer, resulting in an accumulation of the electrons and holes in their respective electrochromic material resulting in a change to the one or more optical properties of the electrochromic material. An opposite electric potential may be provided to reverse the change in the one or more optical properties.

Abstract: A cable accessory device, including a one-way conducting element and a grounding electrode. One end of the one-way conducting element is connected to a conductor structure in a cable, and the other end is connected to the grounding electrode. By applying voltages with different polarities to the one-way conducting element, the one-way conducting element is enabled to have different on/off states. When the on/off state of the one-way conducting element is an on state, the conductor structure in the cable is connected to the grounding electrode via the one-way conducting element, so as to measure direct current resistance of the conductor structure. Moreover, when the on/off state of the one-way conducting element is an off state, the one-way conducting element breaks connection between the conductor structure and the grounding electrode, so as to measure insulation resistance of an insulation structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrochromic elements and devices including an electrochromic material having one or more optical properties that may be changed upon application of an electric potential. The device may include a conductive nanoparticle layer and/or a buffer layer. Upon provision of an electric potential above a threshold where electron tunneling may occur in the barrier layer, electrons are passed to or from the electrochromic material through the barrier layer resulting in a change to the optical properties of the electrochromic material. An opposite electric potential may be provided to reverse the change in the optical properties.

Abstract: Disclosed is a submarine network device, comprising a fiber set, a pump laser set, an erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) set, a primary fiber coupler (CPL) set and a secondary CPL set, wherein the primary CPL set comprises N primary CPLs, the secondary CPL set comprises N secondary CPLs, with N being an integer greater than or equal to 3. The fiber set is configured to connect the pump laser set, the primary CPL set, the secondary CPL set and the EDFA set. An input port of each primary CPL in the primary CPL set is at least connected with a pump laser. An output port of each secondary CPL in the secondary CPL set is at least connected with an EDFA. Output ports of each primary CPL in the primary CPL set are respectively connected with two different secondary CPLs that are spaced by a secondary CPL, and input ports of each secondary CPL in the secondary CPL set are respectively connected with two different primary CPLs that are spaced by a primary CPL.

Abstract: This application provides a submarine network device and a submarine cable system that may accurately detect a fault of a submarine optical repeater in time.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrochromic devices including an electrochromic material having one or more optical properties that may be changed upon application of an electric potential. In one exemplary electrochromic device, a first layer includes at least one electrode, a second layer provides a tunneling dielectric channel, a third layer includes an electrochromic material, a fourth layer is electrically insulative, and a fifth layer includes at least one electrode. Upon provision of an electric potential above a threshold where electron tunneling may occur in the second layer, electrons may be passed to or from the electrochromic material through the second layer resulting in a change to the one or more optical properties of the electrochromic material. An opposite electric potential may be provided to reverse the change in the one or more optical properties.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an emissive construct, which can be used in various OLED applications, for example, top-emission white organic light-emitting diodes. The emissive construct can include an optional second fluorescent emissive layer having an emitter with a second T1, a first fluorescent emissive layer having an emitter with a first T1, the first T1 being greater than the second T1 value, a hole-blocking layer, and a phosphorescent emissive layer.

Abstract: Light-emitting devices comprising light-emitting diodes are described herein. These devices may include a substrate, a reflective anode, a hole-injection layer, a hole-transport layer, an emissive component, an electron-transport layer, a cathode, an enhancement layer, and a light-scattering layer. The emissive component may include first and second fluorescent light-emitting layers with an intervening phosphorescent light-emitting layer or first and second phosphorescent light-emitting layers with an intervening fluorescent light-emitting layer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer apparatus, and relate to the field of communications, so as to solve the problem of inconvenient line failure detection. The ROADM apparatus includes: a first ROADM, a second ROADM, one splitting coupler, four optical amplifiers, and four couplers. The embodiments of the present invention are used in a communications line architecture.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an emissive construct, which can be used in various OLED applications, for example, top-emission white organic light-emitting diodes. The emissive construct includes a fluorescent emissive layer, a partial hole-blocking layer, and a phosphorescent emissive. A recombination zone is shared between the fluorescent emissive layer and the phosphorescent emissive layer, such that the thickness of the partial hole-blocking layer is less than about one-third of the thickness of the recombination zone.

Abstract: Generally, the devices provided herein comprise at least a hole-transport layer, two light-emitting layers, and an electron-transport layer, each having a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level and a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level, wherein at least one of the HOMO energy levels and/or the LUMO energy levels of at least one of the light-emitting layers does not decrease in a stepwise fashion.

Abstract: Polyphenylene compounds such as compounds represented by Formula 1 may be used in electronic devices such as organic light-emitting devices. For example, the compounds may be used as host materials in a light-emitting layer.