Abstract: The present invention provides methods for enhancing the efficacy and/or safety of a vaccine. In certain embodiments, the invention provides methods to increase or potentiate the immune response to a vaccine in a subject in need thereof. The methods of the present invention comprise administering to a subject in need thereof an interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) antagonist such as an anti-IL-4R antibody in combination with said vaccine. In certain embodiments, the methods of the present invention are used to afford enhanced protection to an infectious disease such as whooping cough.

Abstract: A probe includes a probe head, a probe tip extending from the probe head and having a sensor in fluidic communication with a first fluid stream, a pressure channel extending into the probe tip through the sensor face with a pressure sensor that senses pressure in the pressure channel, and a temperature channel extending into the probe tip through the sensor face. The temperature channel including a temperature orifice disposed on the sensor face and at least one exit port distal from the sensor face. The temperature channel is parallel to and fluidly separate from the pressure channel and includes a temperature sensor that senses temperature in the temperature channel. The temperature channel directs fluid flow from the temperature orifice to the at least one exit port, thereby discharging fluid flow into a second fluid stream.

Abstract: A probe includes a probe head, a probe tip extending from the probe head and having a sensor in fluidic communication with a first fluid stream, a pressure channel extending into the probe tip through the sensor face with a pressure sensor that senses pressure in the pressure channel, and a temperature channel extending into the probe tip through the sensor face. The temperature channel is parallel to and fluidly separate from the pressure channel and includes a temperature sensor that senses temperature in the temperature channel. The temperature channel directs fluid flow from a temperature orifice on the sensor face to at least one exit port distal from the sensor face, thereby discharging fluid flow into a second fluid stream.

Abstract: A pressure and temperature probe includes a probe head, a probe tip extending from the probe head and ending with a sensor face, a pressure channel extending into the probe tip through the sensor face, and a temperature channel extending into the probe tip through the sensor face. A pressure sensor is in fluid communication with a pressure channel and a temperature sensor in fluid communication with the temperature channel. The temperature channel extends parallel to the pressure channel, and the temperature channel is fluidly separate from the pressure channel. The sensor face can be configured to minimally intrude the flowpath of a working fluid, thereby minimizing disruption of the flowpath. The probe can be configured on a gas turbine engine.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for correcting measurements received by applying a frequency-varying signal with a measuring device (e.g., a permittivity probe) to a population of living cells (e.g., contained in a bioreactor) and correcting measurement divergences using data acquired using an alternate analytical method (e.g., trypan blue exclusion). In one example, a method comprises receiving electrical property data for a first population of cells, the data obtained by applying a first frequency-varying signal to the population with a measuring device, receiving biological property data obtained using an alternate analytical technique, generating at least one value representative of the frequency dependence of the electrical property data, and determining a relationship between the biological property data and the representative value. In some examples, measurements of apoptosis are predicted using the electrical property data.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for correcting measurements received by applying a frequency-varying signal with a measuring device (e.g., a permittivity probe) to a population of living cells (e.g., contained in a bioreactor) and correcting measurement divergences using data acquired using an alternate analytical method (e.g., trypan blue exclusion). In one example, a method comprises receiving electrical property data for a first population of cells, the data obtained by applying a first frequency-varying signal to the population with a measuring device, receiving biological property data obtained using an alternate analytical technique, generating at least one value representative of the frequency dependence of the electrical property data, and determining a relationship between the biological property data and the representative value. In some examples, measurements of apoptosis are predicted using the electrical property data.

Abstract: Particles in a fluid flow are concentrated by a combination of electrical charging and focussing and passage through a virtual impact concentrator. The fluid is passed through an electrical charging section and an electrical focussing section and then to a virtual impact concentrator. The majority of charged particles in a selected size range are collected through a minor discharge passage extending axially from the virtual impact concentrator. The invention is particularly suitable for sampling engine exhaust gases and ambient aerosols.

Abstract: Particles in a fluid flow are concentrated by a combination of electrical charging and focussing and passage through a virtual impact concentrator. The fluid is passed through an electrical charging section and an electrical focussing section and then to a virtual impact concentrator. The majority of charged particles in a selected size range are collected through a minor discharge passage extending axially from the virtual impact concentrator. The invention is particularly suitable for sampling engine exhaust gases and ambient aerosols.