Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems associated with a sample testing device are provided. For example, an example sample testing device may include a substrate layer defining a bottom surface of the sample testing device, as well as a waveguide disposed on the substrate layer and includes at least one reference channel and at least one sample channel.

Abstract: Super-resolution modal imaging methods and devices are disclosed herein. One super-resolution modal imaging device includes an optical component provided to receive incoming radiation, a mode separating structure for separating the received incoming radiation into multiple modes, at least one output array, and at least one detector array having multiple array elements for measuring an energy level of each mode to construct an image of the received incoming radiation.

Abstract: Quantum resolution imaging methods and devices are disclosed herein. The quantum resolution imaging device comprises an optical component provided to receive incoming radiation, a mode separating structure for separating the received incoming radiation into multiple modes, and an imaging array having multiple array elements for measuring an energy level of each mode to construct an image of the received incoming radiation as it comes in contact with a surface of one of the array elements.

Abstract: Quantum resolution imaging methods and devices are disclosed herein. The quantum resolution imaging device comprises an optical component provided to receive incoming radiation, a mode separating structure for separating the received incoming radiation into multiple modes, and an imaging array having multiple array elements for measuring an energy level of each mode to construct an image of the received incoming radiation as it comes in contact with a surface of one of the array elements.

Abstract: Super-resolution modal imaging methods and devices are disclosed herein. One super-resolution modal imaging device includes an optical component provided to receive incoming radiation, a mode separating structure for separating the received incoming radiation into multiple modes, at least one output array, and at least one detector array having multiple array elements for measuring an energy level of each mode to construct an image of the received incoming radiation.

Abstract: A start-up circuit having a micro crush capacitor that is operatable with a small pressure. The crush capacitor may be connected to a silicon controlled rectifier or similar device. Applying the pressure to the crush capacitor may turn on the SCR which may in turn activate a sensor. The circuit may be fabricated on a flexible substrate which together may be regarded as a flexible circuit. The flexible circuit may be held down on a back plate with a form plate clamping the circuit at its perimeter edge. The flexible circuit may be held firm with the plates for component insertion and/or circuit testing.

Abstract: An atomic clock having a physics package that includes a vacuum chamber cavity that holds atoms of Rb-87 under high vacuum conditions, an optical bench having a single laser light source, a local oscillator, a plurality of magnetic field coils, an antenna, at least one photo-detector and integrated control electronics. The single laser light source has a fold-retro-reflected design to create three retro-reflected optical beams that cross at 90° angles relative to one another in the vacuum chamber cavity. This design allows the single laser light source to make the required six trapping beams needed to trap and cool the atoms of Rb-87. The foregoing design makes possible atomic clocks having reduced size and power consumption and capable of maintaining an ultra-high vacuum without active pumping.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting concealed weapons and explosives by imaging THz scenes using conventional optics and detectors is provided. Photon fields with two different wavelengths can be sent through a chopper and towards a wavelength-selective mirror. A light beam with a wavelength in the visible or IR range is sent toward a visible photon array detector. Similarly, light beams with wavelengths in the THz range can be sent towards a target, which are reflected and/or absorbed by objects in the target. The reflected or transmitted light continues on through an optional filter to remove background light, then into a non-imaging detector. The visible photon array detector can be coupled with the non-imaging detector, which will register an image of the scene that is illuminated by the THz photons.

Abstract: An atomic clock having a physics package that includes a vacuum chamber cavity that holds atoms of Rb-87 under high vacuum conditions, an optical bench having a single laser light source, a local oscillator, a plurality of magnetic field coils, an antenna, at least one photo-detector and integrated control electronics. The single laser light source has a fold-retro-reflected design to create three retro-reflected optical beams that cross at 90° angles relative to one another in the vacuum chamber cavity. This design allows the single laser light source to make the required six trapping beams needed to trap and cool the atoms of Rb-87. The foregoing design makes possible atomic clocks having reduced size and power consumption and capable of maintaining an ultra-high vacuum without active pumping.

Abstract: A start-up circuit having a micro crush capacitor that is operatable with a small pressure. The crush capacitor may be connected to a silicon controlled rectifier or similar device. Applying the pressure to the crush capacitor may turn on the SCR which may in turn activate a sensor. The circuit may be fabricated on a flexible substrate which together may be regarded as a flexible circuit. The flexible circuit may be held down on a back plate with a form plate clamping the circuit at its perimeter edge. The flexible circuit may be held firm with the plates for component insertion and/or circuit testing.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting concealed weapons and explosives by imaging THz scenes using conventional optics and detectors is provided. Photon fields with two different wavelengths can be sent through a chopper and towards a wavelength-selective mirror. A light beam with a wavelength in the visible or IR range is sent toward a visible photon array detector. Similarly, light beams with wavelengths in the THz range can be sent towards a target, which are reflected and/or absorbed by objects in the target. The reflected or transmitted light continues on through an optional filter to remove background light, then into a non-imaging detector. The visible photon array detector can be coupled with the non-imaging detector, which will register an image of the scene that is illuminated by the THz photons.

Abstract: Systems and methods for optically pumping alkali-metal atoms using Coherence Population Trapping (CPT) resonances are disclosed. An illustrative push-pull optical pumping system for inducing CPT resonances in a resonance cell containing an admixture of alkali-metal atoms and one or more buffer gasses may include a laser assembly adapted to produce alternating orthogonally polarized light, and at least one DC current source adapted to output a constant-intensity carrier current signal for inducing laser emission from the laser assembly at a carrier wavelength of the alkali-metal atoms. An RF modulated signal outputted from an RF modulation source can be rectified, split, and phase-shifted for inducing a time-dependent polarization of the laser light that can be used to enhance CPT resonances.

Abstract: A chip-scale atomic gyroscope and methods for sensing and measuring mechanical rotation of an object are disclosed. The chip-scale atomic gyroscope can include a vapor cell including a vapor cavity adapted to contain a vaporized source of alkali-metal atoms and noble gas atoms, a pump laser source adapted to produce a first laser beam along an optical pumping axis for optically pumping the alkali-metal atoms within the vapor cavity to an excited state, and a sense laser source adapted to produce a second laser beam along a sense axis transverse to the optical pumping axis for probing the polarization angle of the noble gas atoms within the vapor cavity. The pump and sense laser sources can each be connected to a servo mechanism, which can be configured to maintain the laser beams at a wavelength corresponding to the carrier wavelength of the alkali-metal atoms and a wavelength detuned from the carrier wavelength.

Abstract: A chip-scale atomic gyroscope and methods for sensing and measuring mechanical rotation of an object are disclosed. The chip-scale atomic gyroscope can include a vapor cell including a vapor cavity adapted to contain a vaporized source of alkali-metal atoms and noble gas atoms, a pump laser source adapted to produce a first laser beam along an optical pumping axis for optically pumping the alkali-metal atoms within the vapor cavity to an excited state, and a sense laser source adapted to produce a second laser beam along a sense axis transverse to the optical pumping axis for probing the polarization angle of the noble gas atoms within the vapor cavity. The pump and sense laser sources can each be connected to a servo mechanism, which can be configured to maintain the laser beams at a wavelength corresponding to the carrier wavelength of the alkali-metal atoms and a wavelength detuned from the carrier wavelength.

Abstract: A reconfigurable aperture with an optical backplane. In one embodiment a reconfigurable aperture antenna is disclosed. The reconfigurable aperture includes a plurality of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) and a receiver for each VCSEL. Each receiver is adapted to reconfigure a portion of an aperture in response to an optical feed from an associated VCSEL.