Abstract: A shoe includes a shoe upper that holds a wearer's foot when worn. A shoe sole is connected to the shoe upper and has a collapsible section including a body that at least partially defines a pocket in the collapsible section. An insert is installed in the pocket. The insert has a vertical thickness that expands the collapsible section and increases the vertical thickness of the shoe sole compared to when no insert is installed in the pocket. The shoe may be used for limb length correction.

Abstract: A shoe includes a shoe upper that holds a wearer's foot when worn. A shoe sole is connected to the shoe upper and has a collapsible section including a body that at least partially defines a pocket in the collapsible section. An insert is installed in the pocket. The insert has a vertical thickness that expands the collapsible section and increases the vertical thickness of the shoe sole compared to when no insert is installed in the pocket. The shoe may be used for limb length correction.

Abstract: A new two-layer modified agar overlay cytotoxicity method for medical device safety assessment are developed. The new two layer modified agar overlay cytotoxicity method has equivalent sensitivity, and greater efficiency compared to the ISO/USP direct contact and agar overlay assays. Assays were carried out in 6-well microplates. Nutrient agar medium with a 0.5% agar concentration was used to provide a base nutrient layer to support cell growth, L929 cells mixed nutrient agar (0.33% agar) were seeded on top of the base agar and cytotoxicity was evaluated after 24 hours per USP. Results demonstrated the two layer modified agar overlay cytotoxicity assay performs as well as the ISO/USP direct contact method with distinct advantages.