Abstract: A refrigerated dough system including a dough product contained in a package is described. The dough product includes an unencapsulated base, an unencapsulated expansion leavening acid, and an unencapsulated pressurization leavening acid. The pressurization leavening acid may be a calcium-based leavening acid. This refrigerated dough system makes it possible to achieve or exceed the critical rate of gas evolution for a particular product while improving the nutritional properties of the product. Also described is a method of making a refrigerated dough product. This method involves making a dough from ingredients including an unencapsulated base, an unencapsulated expansion leavening acid, and an unencapsulated pressurization leavening acid. The dough is placed within a package, which is sealed from within by action of the expansion leavening acid and the base. Pressure is then generated inside the package by action of the pressurization leavening acid and the base.

Abstract: The invention provides batter compositions including a structure-providing amount of a flour replacement ingredient comprising native starch in an amount of 70% by weight or more, and a protein source in an amount of 30% by weight or less, weight percentages based upon weight of the flour replacement ingredient; a sweetener in an amount effective to provide a water activity of 0.94 or less; and a fat source, wherein the batter composition has a pH of 6.5 or higher. Optionally, the flour replacement ingredient can further include a fiber source, a minor amount of modified starch, or a combination of these. In some aspects, the invention provides batter compositions including a novel leavening system.

Abstract: The invention is a method for preparing a partially cooked, flexible food composition. The method includes formulating a dough of flour, water and other dough ingredients. This dough is then formed and partially fried. The partially fried dough composition has a moisture content ranging from about 10 wt-% to 20 wt-%. Also disclosed is a partially fried, flexible dough composition resulting from this method.

Abstract: The invention is a method for preparing a partially cooked, flexible food composition. The method includes formulating a dough of flour, water and other dough ingredients. This dough is then formed and partially fried. The partially fried dough composition has a moisture content ranging from about 10 wt-% to 20 wt-%. Also disclosed is a partially fried, flexible dough composition resulting from this method.