Abstract: A cryogenic scalpel comprises a hollow housing, a pressure source, a working portion connected to the hollow housing and having a heat-exchanger communicating with the pressure source through a piping, and a blade. The scalpel comprises also a source of electromechanical oscillations located in a hollow housing and establishing reciprocating motion of the working portion, and a unit for imparting electromechanical oscillations to the working portion, interconnected to the source of electromechanical oscillations.

Abstract: Disclosure is made of a cryogenic ultrasonic scalpel comprising a housing, an ultrasonic source installed in said housing, a cutting means to which ultrasonic vibrations are supplied from the ultrasonic source via a transformer, a tubular heat exchanger featuring inlet and outlet pipes for the supply and removal of the refrigerant and providing the required low-temperature action on the tissue being dissected, and thermal insulation between said cutting means and said tubular heat exchanger.

Abstract: A cryogenic-and-ultrasonic scalpel comprises a body, a source of ultrasonic vibrations accommodated in the body, a transformer connected to the source of ultrasonic vibrations, and a tubular heat exchanger adapted for refrigerant to admitted to and withdrawn from the scalpel blade, the heat exchanger being accommodated in the body and made as at least two intercommunicating coaxial tubes. The blade and the vibration transferring member are connected to the outside tube, ultrasonic vibrations being imparted to the outside tube and further to the blade through the transformer.