Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for temperature modification of a patient, or selected regions thereof, including an induced state of hypothermia. The temperature modification is accomplished using an in-dwelling heat exchange catheter within which a fluid heat exchange medium circulates. A heat exchange cassette is attached to the circulatory conduits of the catheter, the heat exchange cassette being sized to engage a cavity within a control unit. The control unit includes a heater/cooler device for providing heated or cooled fluid to a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the fluid heat exchange medium circulating to the heat exchange catheter, a user input device, and a processor connected to receive input from various sensors around the body and the system. A temperature control scheme for ramping the body temperature up or down without overshoot is provided.

Abstract: A compact, volatile organic compound removal system is presented. The system has a metal condensation plate and a cooling source in intimate thermal contact with the metal condensation plate. The metal condensation plate has a channel formed in the plate, an inlet in the condensation plate for introducing a gas carrying volatile organic compound vapors into the channel, a high surface area metallic structure, such as foamed metal or metallic fins, in intimate contact with the walls of the channel, an outlet in the condensation plate for removing the gas from the channel and a drain in the condensation plate for removing volatile organic compound condensates from the channel. The cooling source cools the channel walls and the high surface area metallic structure so that the volatile organic compound vapors condense on the high surface area metallic structure to be removed from the gas.

Abstract: A compact, volatile organic compound removal system is presented. The system has a metal condensation plate and a cooling source in intimate thermal contact with the metal condensation plate. The metal condensation plate has a channel formed in the plate, an inlet in the condensation plate for introducing a gas carrying volatile organic compound vapors into the channel, a high surface area metallic structure, such as foamed metal or metallic fins, in intimate contact with the walls of the channel, an outlet in the condensation plate for removing the gas from the channel and a drain in the condensation plate for removing volatile organic compound condensates from the channel. The cooling source cools the channel walls and the high surface area metallic structure so that the volatile organic compound vapors condense on the high surface area metallic structure to be removed from the gas.

Abstract: A process for fabricating a low-cost high-efficiency liquid cold plate is described. The process uses a metal extrusion designed with internal fluid channels that have their major cross-sectional axes aligned perpendicular to the major surfaces of the extrusion. Particular dimensions for the cross-sections of the fluid channels and their spacings permit the extrusion process to be performed simply. A simple process for fabricating fluid inlet and outlet manifolds, creating turbulent flow inside the fluid channels, a method for capping the extrusion ends, and a method for improving the surface contact with heat generating components is described.

Abstract: A process for fabricating a low cost high efficiency liquid cold plate is described. The process uses a metal extrusion designed with internal fluid channels. A simple process for fabricating fluid inlet and outlet manifolds, creating turbulent flow inside the fluid channels, a method for capping the extrusion ends, and a method for improving the surface contact with heat generating components is described.

Abstract: A novel thermoelectric liquid heat exchange device for corrosive or high purity liquids is provided for. The heat exchange device has an array thermoelectric modules, with first and second heat exchanger plates arranged so as to sandwich the thermoelectric modules between the heat exchanger plates. One of the heat exchanger plates has a thermally conductive metal base plate, plastic tubing and a cover plate. The base plate has a flat side contacting the thermoelectric modules, and an opposing side with grooves of a preselected depth. The plastic tubing has a diameter to match the depth of the grooves so that the tubing engages the grooves. The cover plate is fastened to the base plate and over the plastic tubing in the grooves of the base plate to press the tubing into the grooves to improve thermal contact between the plastic tubing and the base plate.

Abstract: An improved thermoelectric heat exchanger is provided which comprises a series of thermoelectric units sandwiched between two channels for the purpose of transferring heat from a liquid coolant flowing through one channel to a second fluid flowing through the other channel. Heat transfer fins are brazed to the inner surfaces of both channels to provide improved heat transfer between the fluids and the channels. A thermally conductive grease or ductile metal between the thermoelectric units and the channels provides improved heat transfer at this interface. When an electric current is passed through the thermoelectric units, heat is transferred from the liquid coolant through the thermoelectric units to the second fluid via the Peltier Effect.

Abstract: A system for humidifying air while generating a tornado-like air flow pattern highlighted by water aerosol is described. The system includes air flow devices which generate a circular tornado-like air flow, a water aerosol generator, and a means of injecting the water aerosol into the circular air pattern to produce a visible tornado. Air is blown parallel to and within two opposing parabolic plates, creating a circular flow pattern. Air is exhausted out the top of the device at the center point between the plates, creating an updraft. Water aerosol wafts into the bottom of the circular air flow, gets caught in the upwardly spinning air flow, and exits through the top of the device. A model of a tornado is created and maintained. Also, the water aerosol humidifies the air in the room as it exits the device.

Abstract: A glass deposition viscoelastic flow process for forming planar and semi-planar insulator structures on semiconductor devices, which comprises feeding vaporized reactants into a reaction chamber at a reaction temperature between 750.degree.-950.degree. C. and subjecting the surface of the semiconductor devices to a high reactant velocity. The high reactant velocity allows the formation of a high quality, uniform glass layer at temperatures compatible with the fusion temperature, so that deposition occurs simultaneously with the viscoelastic flow of the glass. The simultaneous deposition and flow provides for topographical planarization substantially free of voids and other layer inconsistencies.

Abstract: A system for delivering a liquid reagent to a low pressure reactor in the vapor phase includes a source of the liquid reagent, a metering valve for measuring precise volumes of the liquid reagent and transporting those volumes to an expansion valve at a precisely controlled flow rate, and a vaporizing chamber. The expansion valve includes an adjustable orifice which is adjusted in response to pressure disturbances upstream of the expansion valve so as to decrease variations of the liquid flow rate to the expansion valve and thereby enhance uniformity of the vapor phase flow rate downstream of the expansion valve.