Abstract: Aerosol compositions are provided that enhance the therapeutic action of ointments by producing, upon topical application thereof, a sustained cooling effect that provides fast relief form pain and itching as well as a tendency to shrink swollen, inflamed tissue. The compositions contain oils, thickening agents for the oils, and propellant. Aqueous solutions, therapeutic ingredients and various adjuvants may also be present. The specific propellant and the proportion used are selected to provide a deposit with a temperature of about −5° C. to about +5° C. In this temperature range, the deposit is cold enough for the required therapeutic effect, but not so cold as to cause pain or tissue damage. The choice and proportion of thickening agents used are selected to provide a deposit that does not flow or spread. Were the deposit to spread, it would present a large surface area from which propellant present in the deposit would evaporate rapidly.

Abstract: Antiperspirant and deodorant or deodorant compositions with enhanced water absorbency are obtained by including in the compositions gelatin along with means for raising its sol-gel transition temperature.

Abstract: A shaving preparation is provided that boils above about 50.degree. C. and that rapidly generates a stable shaving lather when rubbed on the skin. The composition is an aqueous soap (a neutralized fatty acid) solution containing a foam generating ingredient, a non-volatile, water-insoluble organic liquid and free fatty acids. Thus, the fatty acids mixture of this invention consists of both free fatty acids and neutralized fatty acids (soap). An unexpected rise in the boiling point occurs when the total fatty acids present are in an amount greater than 11% by weight and where 50 to 85% by weight of the total fatty acids are neutralized fatty acids.

Abstract: Compositions and a process for manufacture are provided for synthetic polymer-propellant systems that form cohesive foamed structures from which aqueous solutions can be expressed, where the useful temperature range over which these structures form is broadened by using a propellant mixture consisting predominantly of a propellant that is a poor solvent for the polymer and has a vapor pressure in the range of 10-35 psig at 20 C in combination with a small amount of a propellant that is a good solvent for the polymer; and where these coherent foamed structures can be formed even with aqueous solutions containing 0 to about 30% alcohol, provided that insoluble fine-particle solids that do not pack and become difficult to redisperse are included in the composition.

Abstract: Compositions and a process for manufacture are provided for synthetic polymer-propellant systems that form cohesive foamed structures from which aqueous solutions can be expressed, where the useful temperature range over which these structures form is broadened by using a propellant mixture consisting predominantly of a propellant that is a poor solvent for the polymer and has a vapor pressure in the range of 10-35 psig at 20.degree. C. in combustion with a small amount of a propellant that is a good solvent for the polymer; and where these coherent foamed structures can be formed even with aqueous solutions containing 0 to about 30% alcohol, provided that insoluble fine-particle solids that do not pack and become difficult to redisperse are included in the composition.

Abstract: An underarm deodorant suspensoid stick that is essentially free from any tendency to cause iritation is obtained by suspending in a gelled water-insoluble organic liquid powdered sodium bicarbonate having a particle size in the range of esentially 100% less than 44 micron and at least about 25% greater than 1 micron.

Abstract: A shaving preparation is provided which has a sub-atmospheric vapor pressure at ambient temperature and which generates a lather when applied to the skin. The composition comprises a water-insoluble volatile organic liquid having a vapor pressure substantially below atmospheric pressure, an aqueous soap solution and a surface active agent which together promote the volatilization of the organic liquid, thereby generating a lather as well as reducing the tendency of the volatile organic liquid to cause smarting of the skin. The compositions of this invention are capable of being packaged in a collapsible tube without premature expansion in the tube during storage, shipment and use.

Abstract: Shampoo compositions are provided in unpressurized containers that generate a small, tight-bubbled lather more rapidly and more profusely than conventional shampoos, thereby improving the ease with which the shampoo is spread through the hair and rinsed away, resulting in more uniform cleansing. The compositions contain an aqueous solution of a water-soluble salt of lauryl sulfate, a volatile hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon boiling in the range of 25 C to 50 C, a tertiary amine oxide, and a sufficient amount of water-soluble gum to give the shampoo a viscosity in the range of about 1000 to 20,000 centistokes at 5 C.

Abstract: Synthetic polymer-propellant compositions are provided that are capable of forming foamed structures having a temperature at least 30.degree. C. below ambient temperature and containing open and/or closed cells, which may optionally contain a material which is deposited in the pores and/or walls of the structure as the structure is formed, and comprising:(a) a film-forming synthetic polymer is an amount within the range from about 2% to about 30% by weight of the composition;(b) at least one liquefied propellant boiling below -10.degree.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing propellant compositions including a film-forming synthetic polymer that are capable of forming foamed structures containing open and/or closed cells, which may optionally contain a material which is deposited in the pores and/or walls of the structure as the structure is formed, which comprises coating the synthetic polymer in particulate form with an inert solid material insoluble in the propellant and in solutions of the synthetic resin the propellant at atmospheric temperature; and then adding the propellant and dissolving the synthetic polymer in the propellant.

Abstract: A process for conditioning hair is provided which comprises applying to the hair an alcohol-soluble fraction of soybean lecithin in solution in a lower alkanol having two or three carbon atoms, thereby lubricating the hair and facilitating combing, and at the same time reducing the accumulation of an electrostatic charge on the hair during combing, and thereby inhibiting fly-away.

Abstract: The invention provides a process and apparatus for delivering from a delivery port of an aerosol container having a vapor tap valve a spray of low flammability of a liquid aerosol composition containing a flammable liquefied propellant, which comprises mixing together liquid aerosol composition and gaseous propellant; subjecting the gas/liquid mixture to the constraint imposed by a flow constriction; expanding the gas/liquid mixture; subjecting the gas/liquid mixture to the constraint imposed by a second flow constriction, and again expanding the gas/liquid mixture and then passing the mixture through the remainder of the vapor tap valve to the delivery port; with each constraint and expansion increasing the gas:liquid volume ratio of the mixture and reducing the flammability of the mixture as a delivered spray.

Abstract: Aerosol antiperspirant compositions are provided that are highly concentrated with respect to the active astringent salt, and capable of being dispensed from aerosol containers of the foam type at a low delivery rate, comprising, in combination, an astringent salt in an amount within the range from about 8 to about 30%; a liquefied propellant, or a mixture of liquefied propellants, each with a vapor pressure at 21.degree. C. of at least 2.4 atmospheres absolute, having a low molecular weight, in an amount of at least 0.15 mole per atmosphere absolute pressure in the container at 21.degree. C. per 100 g of composition; a nonvolatile miscible organic liquid in an amount within the range from about 0.1 to 30% by weight of the composition; a bulking agent in an amount within the range from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of the composition; and a solid aliphatic carboxylic acid having from about fourteen to about twenty-two carbon atoms in a straight chain and in an amount within the range from about 0.

Abstract: Aerosol antiperspirant compositions are provided, capable of dispensing active astringent salt from aerosol containers with low mistiness and dustiness, comprising, in combination, an astringent salt in an amount within the range from about 3 to about 30%; a hydrocarbon or halocarbon propellant; a synthetic polymer gum having a viscosity within the range from about 500,000 to about 100 million centistokes at 25.degree. C. in an amount within the range from about 0.05 to about 5% by weight of the composition; and optionally, an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic carboxylic acid having from about nine to about fifty carbon atoms, comprising all or part of a nonvolatile miscible organic liquid or oil in an amount within the range from about 0.1 to about 30% by weight of the composition.

Abstract: An aerosol container is provided, especially intended for use with compositions containing liquefied flammable propellants, and having a gas-permeable membrane that is impermeable or at best only slowly permeable by liquefied propellants, and impeding liquid flow via a gas tap orifice through an open manually-operated delivery valve, at least when the container is tipped from the upright position beyond the horizontal towards the fully inverted position, the container comprising, in combination, a pressurizable container having at least one storage compartment for an aerosol composition and a liquefied propellant in which compartment liquefied propellant can assume an orientation according to orientation of the container between a horizontal and an upright position, and a horizontal and an inverted position; a delivery valve movable manually between open and closed positions, and including a valve stem and a delivery port; an aerosol-conveying passage in flow connection at one end with the storage compartment

Abstract: An aerosol container is provided, especially intended for use with compositions containing liquefied flammable propellants, and having a shut-off valve closing off flow through an open manually-operated delivery valve whenever the container is tipped from the upright position beyond the horizontal towards the fully inverted position, the container comprising, in combination, a pressurizable container having at least one storage compartment for an aerosol composition and a liquefied propellant in which compartment propellant can assume an orientation according to orientation of the container between a horizontal and an upright position, and a horizontal and inverted position; a delivery valve movable manually between open and closed positions, and including a valve stem and a delivery port; an aerosol-conveying passage in flow connection at one end with the storage compartment and at the other end with the delivery port, manipulation of the delivery valve opening and closing the passage to flow of aerosol comp

Abstract: A vapor tap valve for aerosol containers is provided, for use with aerosol compositions containing liquefied flammable propellants, inhibiting delivery of flammable liquid propellant when the valve is opened in any orientation of the aerosol container, comprising, in combination, a delivery valve movable manually between open and closed positions and including a valve poppet, a valve stem, a valve stem passage, and a delivery port; bias means biasing the delivery valve towards a closed position; a blending space for mixing propellant and aerosol composition in fluid flow communication with the valve stem passage via the valve, the valve in the open position communicating the blending space with the valve stem passage, and in the closed position preventing such communication; a liquid tap orifice in the blending space; a gas tap orifice in the blending space; and a shut-off valve disposed in the valve poppet and responsive to orientation of the valve to move automatically between positions opening and closing

Abstract: A vapor tap valve for aerosol containers is provided, for use with aerosol compositions containing liquefied flammable propellants, inhibiting delivery of flammable liquid propellant when the valve is opened immediately after shaking the aerosol container and contents, comprising, in combination, a delivery valve movable manually between open and closed positions and including a valve stem, a delivery port, and a valve chamber; a bias spring in the valve chamber biasing the delivery valve towards a closed position; a liquid tap orifice in flow communication with the valve chamber; a vapor tap orifice in flow communication with the valve chamber; and a shut-off valve linked to and movable with the delivery valve, closing off the vapor tap orifice against entry of liquefied propellant therethrough into the valve chamber when the delivery valve is closed, and opening the vapor tap orifice when the delivery valve is manually moved to the open position, against the biasing force of the bias spring.

Abstract: An aerosol container is provided for foaming a liquid aerosol composition therein prior to expulsion from the container and then expelling the resulting foamed aerosol composition comprising at least two separate compartments in the container, of which a first compartment has a volume of at least 0.5 cc and is in direct flow connection with the valve passage, and a second compartment is in flow connection with the valve passage only via the first compartment; at least one first liquid tap orifice having a diameter within the range from about 0.012 to about 0.

Abstract: An aerosol container is provided for foaming a liquid aerosol composition therein prior to expulsion from the container and then expelling the resulting foamed aerosol composition comprising, in combination, a pressurizable container having a valve movable between open and closed positions, with a valve stem and a foam-conveying passage therethrough in flow connection with a delivery port; at least two separate compartments in the container, of which a first compartment is in direct flow connection with the valve passage, and a second compartment is in flow connection with the valve passage only via the first compartment; and a porous bubbler having through pores interposed between the first and second compartments with the through pores communicating the two compartments, the pores being of sufficiently small dimensions to restrict flow of propellant gas from the second compartment therethrough and form bubbles of such gas in liquid aerosol composition across the line of flow from the porous bubbler to the v