Abstract: A functional electrical stimulation system having a boost module to raise an output voltage of a primary power to a first preset voltage, an energy storage module, connected to the boost module, configured to store electrical energy of the first preset voltage, a central control unit configured to generate data packets of electrical stimulation parameters, and an electrical stimulation output channel, connected to the energy storage module, configured to receive the data packets of electrical stimulation parameters, analyze the electrical stimulation parameters from the data packets, convert electrical energy stored in the energy storage module to an electrical stimulation pulse corresponding to the electrical stimulation parameters and apply the electrical stimulation pulse to a part of a user.

Abstract: A functional electrical stimulation system having a boost module to raise an output voltage of a primary power to a first preset voltage, an energy storage module, connected to the boost module, configured to store electrical energy of the first preset voltage, a central control unit configured to generate data packets of electrical stimulation parameters, and an electrical stimulation output channel, connected to the energy storage module, configured to receive the data packets of electrical stimulation parameters, analyze the electrical stimulation parameters from the data packets, convert electrical energy stored in the energy storage module to an electrical stimulation pulse corresponding to the electrical stimulation parameters and apply the electrical stimulation pulse to a part of a user.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for optical frequency measurement, using one or two frequency-stabilized mode-locked laser combs operating at different repetition rates to mix with a laser under measurement (LUM) respectively so as to generate two beat frequencies. The ordinal comb number where the beat frequency is generated is determined by measuring the ordinal comb number difference where the two beat frequencies are generated at different repetition rates so as to obtain the frequency of the LUM. The ordinal comb number difference is measured by using a dispersion device to offer an approximate ordinal comb number or by operating a mode-locked laser at three different repetition rates.

Abstract: A method of absolute optical frequency measurement is realized by using mode-locked laser frequency combs to measure the optical frequency of an unknown laser. By varying the repetition frequency, the relative frequency location of the unknown laser to the beating comb line is determined according to the corresponding variation of the beat frequency. Also, by varying the offset frequency of the mode-locked laser, the real offset frequency detected by a self-referencing technique can be determined according to the corresponding variation of the beat frequency between the unknown laser and the mode-locked laser frequency combs. The mode number of the frequency comb is uniquely and adequately determined through measuring the beat frequencies between the unknown laser and the mode-locked laser frequency combs at various repetition frequencies and through measuring the corresponding mode number change, and hence the optical frequency of the unknown laser is determined.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for optical frequency measurement, using one or two frequency-stabilized mode-locked laser combs operating at different repetition rates to mix with a laser under measurement (LUM) respectively so as to generate two beat frequencies. The ordinal comb number where the beat frequency is generated is determined by measuring the ordinal comb number difference where the two beat frequencies are generated at different repetition rates so as to obtain the frequency of the LUM. The ordinal comb number difference is measured by using a dispersion device to offer an approximate ordinal comb number or by operating a mode-locked laser at three different repetition rates.

Abstract: A method of absolute optical frequency measurement is realized by using mode-locked laser frequency combs to measure the optical frequency of an unknown laser. By varying the repetition frequency, the relative frequency location of the unknown laser to the beating comb line is determined according to the corresponding variation of the beat frequency. Also, by varying the offset frequency of the mode-locked laser, the real offset frequency detected by a self-referencing technique can be determined according to the corresponding variation of the beat frequency between the unknown laser and the mode-locked laser frequency combs. The mode number of the frequency comb is uniquely and adequately determined through measuring the beat frequencies between the unknown laser and the mode-locked laser frequency combs at various repetition frequencies and through measuring the corresponding mode number change, and hence the optical frequency of the unknown laser is determined.

Abstract: A mode locking device of fiber laser includes a bar structural body, having a central hollow region, extending along a reference line of the bar structural body. The central hollow region has two ends coupled with two collimators on a fiber laser loop. A polarization dependent isolator is disposed within the central hollow region of the bar structural body such that the laser ca propagate only in one direction. Several rotors are disposed within the central hollow region of the bar structural body. Each rotor has a protruding piece, for rotating the rotor along the reference line. The laser beam travels along the reference line and passes through the rotors. Several retardation waveplates are disposed on the rotator structures and can be rotated together with the rotors. Each waveplate is adjusted to an angle, such that the laser can be mode-locked automatically.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device using the COA process. The LCD device includes a passivation layer formed on metal wires in the wire-collecting area for preventing metal wires from exposure. Or, the LCD device includes an insulation layer formed between outer leads in the outer lead bonding (OLB) area for improving insulation among the outer leads.

Abstract: A mode locking device of fiber laser includes a bar structural body, having a central hollow region, extending along a reference line of the bar structural body. The central hollow region has two ends coupled with two collimators on a fiber laser loop. A polarization dependent isolator is disposed within the central hollow region of the bar structural body such that the laser ca propagate only in one direction. Several rotors are disposed within the central hollow region of the bar structural body. Each rotor has a protruding piece, for rotating the rotor along the reference line. The laser beam travels along the reference line and passes through the rotors. Several retardation waveplates are disposed on the rotator structures and can be rotated together with the rotors. Each waveplate is adjusted to an angle, such that the laser can be mode-locked automatically.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device using the COA process. The LCD device includes a passivation layer formed on metal wires in the wire-collecting area for preventing metal wires from exposure. Or, the LCD device includes an insulation layer formed between outer leads in the outer lead bonding (OLB) area for improving insulation among the outer leads.

Abstract: The present invention provides a color liquid crystal display device in which a color filter layer is formed on an array substrate. The array substrate includes a scan line and a data line forming a pixel, on which a thin film transistor is formed, and a pixel electrode is connected to the thin film transistor. A black matrix layer is formed on the array substrate. A black matrix frame is formed around the periphery of the black matrix layer. A color filter layer is formed on the array substrate and the black matrix layer, and extends to cover the black matrix frame.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device using the COA process. The LCD device includes a passivation layer formed on metal wires in the wire-collecting area for preventing metal wires from exposure. Or, the LCD device includes an insulation layer formed between outer leads in the outer lead bonding (OLB) area for improving insulation among the outer leads.

Abstract: The present invention provides a color liquid crystal display device in which a color filter layer is formed on an array substrate. The array substrate includes a scan line and a data line forming a pixel, on which a thin film transistor is formed, and a pixel electrode is connected to the thin film transistor. A black matrix layer is formed on the array substrate. A black matrix frame is formed around the periphery of the black matrix layer. A color filter layer is formed on the array substrate and the black matrix layer, and extends to cover the black matrix frame.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel apparatus and method for stabilizing the frequency of a laser. To avoid the effect that a single-frequency absorption spectrum is easy to be affected by variations of laser power and the complexity to modulate a laser frequency, the present invention adopts at least two laser beams at different frequencies and obtains an error signal that is a difference in absorption spectrums of the laser beams. Since the error signal is a difference between two laser beams coming from an identical laser source, the variation of laser power could be eliminated. Furthermore, since the absorption spectrum is usually above hundreds of (MHz), the range of locked frequency of the present invention is large, and the laser frequency is not easily unlocked due to outside disturbance.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel apparatus and method for stabilizing the frequency of a laser. To avoid the effect that a single-frequency absorption spectrum is easy to be affected by variations of laser power and the complexity to modulate a laser frequency, the present invention adopts at least two laser beams at different frequencies and obtains an error signal that is a difference in absorption spectrums of the laser beams. Since the error signal is a difference between two laser beams coming from an identical laser source, the variation of laser power could be eliminated. Furthermore, since the absorption spectrum is usually above hundreds of (MHz), the range of locked frequency of the present invention is large, and the laser frequency is not easily unlocked due to outside disturbance.