Abstract: A process and a signal processing unit generate a cardiogenic reference signal segment (SigAkar,ref) describing patient cardiac activity during the course of a heartbeat. A sum signal (SigSum) is generated that includes a superposition of a respiratory signal with a cardiogenic signal. A sample is generated including one sum signal segment [SigASum(x1), . . . , SigASum(xN)] per heartbeat for a sequence of heartbeats. For each heartbeat, a characteristic heartbeat time point [H_Zp(x1), . . . , H_Zp(xN)] is detected. The cardiogenic reference signal segment is calculated by aggregating the sum signal segments and using the heartbeat time points. For aggregation, a weight factor (w1, w2, . . . ) is used for each sum signal segment. The weight factor depends on how well the sum signal and related segments have been generated, the detection reliability of the heartbeat time points, and/or an evaluation of the shape of the sum signal segment or the generated cardiogenic reference signal segment.

Abstract: A process and unit for determining an estimate for a respiratory signal. Measured values are received, and a sum signal is generated, which is a superimposition of the respiratory signal to a cardiogenic signal. The unit detects heartbeats, and a respective heartbeat time period for each. An intermediate signal is calculated by compensating the influence of the cardiac activity on the sum signal. The unit determines an attenuation signal, which is an indicator of the average time curve of the contribution of the cardiogenic signal to the intermediate signal in a predefined reference heartbeat time period. An intermediate signal section is generated as a section of the intermediate signal in a heartbeat time period and intermediate signal sections are mapped to the reference heartbeat time period. The estimated respiratory signal is calculated with the use of the mapped intermediate signal sections and of the attenuation signal.

Abstract: A process and signal processing unit (5) determine a cardiogenic signal (Sigkar,est) or a respiratory signal (Sigres,est) from a sum signal (SigSum), resulting from a superimposition of cardiac activity and breathing of a patient (P). A signal estimating unit (6), which yields a shape parameter as a value of a transmission channel parameter (LF), is generated during a training phase. A sample with a sample element per heartbeat is used. During a use phase, the transmission channel parameter is measured for each heartbeat, a shape parameter value is calculated by the application of the signal estimating unit and is used to calculate an estimated cardiogenic signal segment (SigHz,kar.LF) or an estimated respiratory signal segment. The cardiogenic signal segments are combined into the cardiogenic signal or the respiratory signal segments are combined into the respiratory signal or the cardiogenic signal segments are subtracted from the sum signal.

Abstract: A process and a signal processing unit (5) approximately detect a respective characteristic heartbeat time {H_Zp[f](x), H_Zp[s](x1), . . . , H_Zp[s](xN)} per heartbeat for a sequence of heartbeats of a patient (P). A sensor array (2.1, 2.2) sends at least one sum signal [SigSum(1), SigSum(2)], which results from a superimposition of a cardiogenic signal and of a respiratory signal. A first detector (25.1) calculates a respective first detection result for each characteristic heartbeat time, and a second detector (25.2, . . . ) calculates a second detection result. The first detector (25.1) analyzes a different sum signal and/or applies a different method of analysis than the second detector (25.2, . . . ). The signal processing unit (5) calculates a respective estimation (representation) for each heartbeat time and uses this estimation as the characteristic heartbeat time. The signal processing unit (5) uses a first detection result and a second detection result to calculate the estimation.

Abstract: A device, a process and a computer program influence the breathing of a person. The device (10) for influencing the inspiratory muscles of a person (20) includes a detection device (12) for detecting an electromyographic signal of the person; a breathing influencing device (14) and a control device (16) for controlling the detection device (12) and the breathing influencing device (14). The control device (16) is configured to determine information on a muscle state of an inspiratory muscle of the person (20) on the basis of the electromyographic signal. The control device (16) is further configured to operate the breathing influencing device (14) as a function of the information on the muscle state in a training mode, which is limited in time, with a training intensity.

Abstract: A ventilator analysis unit (100) detects a disconnection of a pneumatic connection to a ventilated patient. A data acquisition module (110) receives gas flow data (112) indicating gas flow at the transition to the patient and gas pressure data (114) indicating a transition gas pressure. The memory module (120) provides a disconnection value function (122) describing the transition gas flow transition gas pressure association with a disconnection value (132). The calculation module (130) calculates a disconnection value based on the gas flow data and the gas pressure data via the current disconnection value function and determines a disconnection number (134) from a chronological sequence of correspondingly calculated, current disconnection values.

Abstract: A process and unit for determining an estimate for a respiratory signal. Measured values are received, and a sum signal is generated, which is a superimposition of the respiratory signal to a cardiogenic signal. The unit detects heartbeats, and a respective heartbeat time period for each. An intermediate signal is calculated by compensating the influence of the cardiac activity on the sum signal. The unit determines an attenuation signal, which is an indicator of the average time curve of the contribution of the cardiogenic signal to the intermediate signal in a predefined reference heartbeat time period. An intermediate signal section is generated as a section of the intermediate signal in a heartbeat time period and intermediate signal sections are mapped to the reference heartbeat time period. The estimated respiratory signal is calculated with the use of the mapped intermediate signal sections and of the attenuation signal.

Abstract: A ventilator control signaling method includes recording an electromyogram signal of values following one another in time and transforming the electromyogram signal into an evaluation signal by applying an evaluation function. An evaluation signal value is assigned to a signal value of the electromyogram signal in the transformation. The evaluation function is determined by a main parameter set that defines which signal value of the evaluation signal is assigned to a particular signal value of the electromyogram signal when the evaluation function is applied in the transformation. A signal value height of the evaluation signal indicates whether the electromyogram signal corresponds to a first state or a second state. A control signal is generated from signal values and is set to switch a ventilator to an inhalation or an exhalation operating mode depending on the state of the evaluation signal. A ventilator is configured to perform the method.

Abstract: A ventilator control signaling method includes recording an electromyogram signal of values following one another in time and transforming the electromyogram signal into an evaluation signal by applying an evaluation function. An evaluation signal value is assigned to a signal value of the electromyogram signal in the transformation. The evaluation function is determined by a main parameter set that defines which signal value of the evaluation signal is assigned to a particular signal value of the electromyogram signal when the evaluation function is applied in the transformation. A signal value height of the evaluation signal indicates whether the electromyogram signal corresponds to a first state or a second state. A control signal is generated from signal values and is set to switch a ventilator to an inhalation or an exhalation operating mode depending on the state of the evaluation signal. A ventilator is configured to perform the method.

Abstract: A sensor device for the electromyographic recording of muscle signals on the skin of a living body includes at least two recording electrodes and an earth electrode. The electrodes have a common carrier layer that has at least one perforation at which the carrier layer can be separated. After the separation of the carrier layer at the perforation, each electrode is located separately on a separated part of the carrier layer. Further, the sensor device includes at least one shielded cable, one end of which is connected to one of the electrodes and the other end of which is connected to a contact element. The contact element can be connected to an evaluation unit by means of a connecting element such that signals can be transmitted to the evaluation unit.