Abstract: Examples of a low complexity enhancement video coding are described. Encoding and decoding methods are described, as well as corresponding encoders and decoders. The enhancement coding may operate on top of a base layer, which may provide base encoding and decoding. Spatial scaling may be applied across different layers. Only the base layer encodes full video, which may be at a lower resolution. The enhancement coding instead operates on computed sets of residuals. The sets of residuals are computed for a plurality of layers, which may represent different levels of scaling in one or more dimensions. A number of encoding and decoding components or tools are described, which may involve the application of transformations, quantization, entropy encoding and temporal buffering. At an example decoder, an encoded base stream and one or more encoded enhancement streams may be independently decoded and combined to reconstruct an original video.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input signal is provided, the method comprising: quantizing a set of data based on temporal information associated with said set of data.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of encoding an input signal, the method comprising producing a base encoded signal by feeding an encoder with a down-sampled version of an input signal. The method further comprising producing a first quantised residual signal by: decoding the base encoded signal to produce a base decoded signal; and using a difference between the base decoded signal and the down-sampled version of the input signal to produce a first residual signal; quantising the first residual signal to produce the first quantised residual signal.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to decoding and encoding signals. Certain examples described herein encapsulate custom data that is not signal data within a stream of encoded signal data. The custom data may comprise a wide variety of metadata that annotates the signal data, or provides additional information relating to the signal data. Certain examples described herein encapsulate custom data within a set of transformed coefficient values that represent data derived from a transform operation that forms part of the signal encoding. The encapsulation is may be performed by applying a bit shift operation to coefficient bits representing the set of transformed coefficient values.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of encoding and decoding a video signal having temporal scalability. An encoder and decoder are also disclosed. The method of encoding a video signal comprises obtaining a base encoding of an input video signal, the base encoding being encoded using a base encoder to encode the input video signal at a first frame rate; and encoding the input video signal using an enhancement encoder to generate an enhancement encoding of the input video signal at a second frame rate, the enhancement encoder encoding the input video signal using at least a set of frames derived from the base encoding.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to decoding and encoding signals. Certain examples described herein encapsulate custom data that is not signal data within a stream of encoded signal data. The custom data may comprise a wide variety of metadata that annotates the signal data, or provides additional information relating to the signal data. Certain examples described herein encapsulate custom data within a set of transformed coefficient values that represent data derived from a transform operation that forms part of the signal encoding. The encapsulation is may be performed by applying a bit shift operation to coefficient bits representing the set of transformed coefficient values.

Abstract: According to aspects of the invention there is provided a method of modifying sets of residuals data where residual data can be used to correct or enhance data of a base stream, for example a frame of a video encoded using a legacy video coding technology.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention there may be provided a method of decoding a bitstream, the method comprising: receiving a Supplemental 5 Enhancement Information (SEI) message; parsing the SEI message to obtain an encoded bitstream, said encoded bitstream containing encoded information which is associated with information of an original signal; and, decoding said encoded bitstream to obtain decoded information which is used to reconstruct the original signal. A method of decoding is also provided as well as 10 apparatuses and a computer readable medium.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention there may be provided a method of decoding a bitstream, the method comprising: receiving a Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) message; parsing the SEI message to obtain an encoded bitstream, said encoded bitstream containing encoded information which is associated with information of an original signal; and, decoding said encoded bitstream to obtain decoded information which is used to reconstruct the original signal. A method of decoding is also provided as well as apparatuses and a computer readable medium.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to decoding and encoding signals. Certain examples described herein encapsulate custom data that is not signal data within a stream of encoded signal data. The custom data may comprise a wide variety of metadata that annotates the signal data, or provides additional information relating to the signal data. Certain examples described herein encapsulate custom data within a set of transformed coefficient values that represent data derived from a transform operation that forms part of the signal encoding. The encapsulation is may be performed by applying a bit shift operation to coefficient bits representing the set of transformed coefficient values.

Abstract: Examples of a low complexity enhancement video coding are described. Encoding and decoding methods are described, as well as corresponding encoders and decoders. The enhancement coding may operate on top of a base layer, which may provide base encoding and decoding. Spatial scaling may be applied across different layers. Only the base layer encodes full video, which may be at a lower resolution. The enhancement coding instead operates on computed sets of residuals. The sets of residuals are computed for a plurality of layers, which may represent different levels of scaling in one or more dimensions. A number of encoding and decoding components or tools are described, which may involve the application of transformations, quantization, entropy encoding and temporal buffering. At an example decoder, an encoded base stream and one or more encoded enhancement streams may be independently decoded and combined to reconstruct an original video.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input signal is provided, the method comprising: quantizing a set of data based on temporal information associated with said set of data.

Abstract: A method of decoding an encoded stream into a reconstructed output signal is provided, the method comprising: receiving a first output signal decoded from a first base encoded stream according to a first codec; receiving a level encoded stream; decoding the level encoded stream to obtain a set of residuals; and, combining the set of residuals with the first output signal to generate a reconstructed signal, wherein the decoding the level encoded stream comprises: decoding a set of quantized coefficients from the level encoded stream; dequantizing the set of quantized coefficients.

Abstract: A method of decoding an encoded signal is provided, said encoded signal received within a bitstream, the method comprising: receiving a set of quantized data associated with the encoded signal; determining at least one dequantization parameter; and dequantizing the quantized data based at least in part of the at least one dequantization parameter.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input video as a hybrid video stream, the method comprising: receiving the input video at a first resolution; obtaining an indication of a desired quality level for the encoding, the desired quality level setting one or more bit rates for the hybrid video stream, said hybrid stream comprising a base encoded stream at a second resolution and a plurality of enhancement streams at each of the first and second resolutions, the first resolution being higher than the second resolution; encoding each of the plurality of enhancement streams by: generating a set of residuals based on a difference between the input video and a reconstructed video at the respective resolution of the enhancement stream; determining quantisation parameters for the set of residuals for based on the desired quality level; quantising the set of residuals based on the quantisation parameters; and creating an encoded stream from the set of quantised residuals.

Abstract: According to aspects of the invention there is provided a method of modifying sets of residuals data where residual data can be used to correct or enhance data of a base stream, for example a frame of a video encoded using a different video coding technology. There may be provided a method of encoding an input signal, the method comprising: receiving an input signal; generating one or more sets of residuals based on a difference between the input signal and one or more reconstructed signals at one or more respective resolutions; modifying the one or more sets of residuals based on a selected residual mode; and encoding the one or more sets of modified residuals to generate one or more respective encoded streams, wherein the encoding includes transforming the one or more sets of modified residuals, and wherein the modifying includes selecting a subset of residuals not to encode based on the selected residual mode. An encoder may also be provided.

Abstract: According to aspects of the invention there is provided a method of encoding an input signal, the method comprising: producing a base encoded signal by feeding an encoder with a downsampled version of an input signal; producing a first residual signal by: obtaining a decoded version of the base encoded signal; and using a difference between the decoded version of the base encoded signal and the downsampled version of the input signal to produce a first residual signal; encoding the first residual signal to produce a first encoded residual signal; producing a second residual signal by: decoding the first encoded residual signal to produce a first decoded residual signal; filtering the first decoded residual signal to produce a filtered version of the first decoded residual signal; correcting the decoded version of the base encoded signal using the filtered version of the first decoded residual signal to create a corrected decoded version; upsampling the corrected decoded version; and using a difference between

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of encoding an input signal, the method comprising producing a base encoded signal by feeding an encoder with a down-sampled version of an input signal. The method further comprising producing a first quantised residual signal by: decoding the base encoded signal to produce a base decoded signal; and using a difference between the base decoded signal and the down-sampled version of the input signal to produce a first residual signal; quantising the first residual signal to produce the first quantised residual signal.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention there may be provided a method of decoding a bitstream, the method comprising: receiving a Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) message; parsing the SEI message to obtain an encoded bitstream, said encoded bitstream containing encoded information which is associated with information of an original signal; and, decoding said encoded bitstream to obtain decoded information which is used to reconstruct the original signal. A method of decoding is also provided as well as apparatuses and a computer readable medium.