Abstract: Apparatus for producing a multiplicity of photons having quantum-entangled single-photon states is provided. The single photon includes two quantum-entangled degrees of freedom, and the apparatus includes a source apparatus of the multiplicity of photons having quantum-entangled single-photon states including first- and second-generation stages. The first stage includes a first element having a source generating a multiplicity of photons, the first element selects a first degree of freedom of two degrees of freedom of the single photon, which includes only one pair of values, and a second element that selects a second degree of freedom of two degrees of freedom of the single photon. The second degree of freedom includes only one pair of values, the second stage: generates a coherent superposition of the two degrees of freedom of the single photon; selects one value of a first and a second of said two degrees of freedom.

Abstract: A laser device configured to emit a coherent optical radiation is provided. The laser device has an amplifier system having a single interferometric optical amplification arrangement or a plurality of interferometric optical amplification arrangements in series, an optical return path of an optical beam emerging from the amplifier system and entering the amplifier system to form an optical ring resonant structure, and a radiation output for extracting a portion of the optical beam emerging from the amplifier system and deliver the extracted portion of the optical beam emerging from the amplifier system as output laser radiation of the laser device.

Abstract: A Random Number Generator includes a photon source, one or more photon detectors configured to detect at least one photon belonging to a flow of detected photons (?) generated by the photon source, an electronic sampler operatively associated with the photon detectors and configured to implement a logic method for the extraction of a binary sequence based on the arrival time of each one of the detected photons (?). In the Random Number Generator, the photon source and the photon detectors are adjacent to one another and integrated in a single semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A Random Number Generator includes a photon source, one or more photon detectors configured to detect at least one photon belonging to a flow of detected photons (?) generated by the photon source, an electronic sampler operatively associated with the photon detectors and configured to implement a logic method for the extraction of a binary sequence based on the arrival time of each one of the detected photons (?). In the Random Number Generator, the photon source and the photon detectors are adjacent to one another and integrated in a single semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A random number generator includes a photon source and one or more photon detectors of the SPAD type (311) configured to detect a photon flow equal to ?, wherein the photons are generated by the photon source. The random number generator furthermore includes an electronic sampler. The electronic sampler is configured in such a way as to detect the arrival time t of a photon incident on each SPAD photon detector (311) for each one of the observation windows Tw, and are also configured in such a way as to convert the arrival time t into a binary sequence. In the generator of the invention the photon source and the electronic sampler are configured in such a way that the product ?*Tw is lower than or equal to 0.01.

Abstract: A random number generator includes a photon source and one or more photon detectors of the SPAD type (311) configured to detect a photon flow equal to ?, wherein the photons are generated by the photon source. The random number generator furthermore includes an electronic sampler. The electronic sampler is configured in such a way as to detect the arrival time t of a photon incident on each SPAD photon detector (311) for each one of the observation windows Tw, and are also configured in such a way as to convert the arrival time t into a binary sequence. In the generator of the invention the photon source and the electronic sampler are configured in such a way that the product ?*Tw is lower than or equal to 0.01.

Abstract: A silicon-based light-emitting device is described and comprises an active region, an excitation system which can bring about a condition of inversion of the population of carriers within the active region, and semi-reflective elements which can define a resonant optical structure in which the active region is inserted so as to bring about stimulated emission of coherent light. The active region comprises silicon nanostructures immersed in a silicon-dioxide-based dielectric matrix.

Abstract: A silicon-based light-emitting device is described and comprises an active region, an excitation system which can bring about a condition of inversion of the population of carriers within the active region, and semi-reflective elements which can define a resonant optical structure in which the active region is inserted so as to bring about stimulated emission of coherent light,