Abstract: An axial ondular washer made from a circularly annular, flat spring material having an ondular line with maxima and minima with respect to a centre plane, wherein these maxima and minima are defined as lying on different sides of the centre plane and in each case being tangent on a plane of a first or second abutment (1, 2), which plane extends parallel to the centre plane, is to be improved with regard to its initial compression behaviour.

Abstract: The invention relates to a clutch, particularly a multi-disk clutch, of an, in particular, manual transmission for, in particular, vehicles having a spring force of a spring device, said spring force influencing the adjusting force, which is produced in a power source and which serves to actuate the clutch. This clutch should be able to operated while maintaining predetermined closing and/opening times that are as precise as possible. In addition, the closing and/or opening times should be independent of possible changes in properties of the spring device. To this end, a clutch of the aforementioned type is characterized in that the spring device (3) and/or at least one of its thrust bearings is provided with a sensor (4), which detects solid body changes and which serves to determine the spring force exerted by the spring device (3), and a device for transmitting the determined measured values for controlling and/or regulating the adjusting power source.

Abstract: A knock sensor for an internal combustion engine with an electronically evaluated vibration sensor should have a simple design and allow a rational installation. To this end, the vibration sensor is characterized in that the knock sensor comprises at least one spring washer (4, 4?) that is or can be tensioned relative to the internal combustion engine, and a piezoresistive amorphous carbon layer (5) is applied onto at least one face of the at least one spring washer (4; 4?).

Abstract: The invention relates to a motor vehicle door hinge comprised of a first hinge part (2), a second hinge part (3), a shaft section (4), which joins a hinge eye (10) of the first hinge part (2) and a hinge eye (17) of the second hinge part (17) to one another in an articulated manner, and of a door arrester unit (25), which produces a holding force that is to be surmounted by tensioning a spring unit (32). Preferred holding angles of the door arrester unit (25) are stipulated by detent markings. The aim of the invention is to create a motor vehicle door hinge that can be economically produced and mounted.

Abstract: A motor vehicle door hinge allows the door to be displaced relative to a doorpost in transverse and pivoting movements by means of a four-bar mechanism having a supporting arm and a control rod. The supporting arm is hingedly secured to the door's side and the doorpost by two respective hinge eyelets end areas. The control rod is coupled with a bearing plate on the door's side and the doorpost, whereby a corresponding hinge eyelet of the support arm is also coupled therewith, and with a hinge element on its end facing away from the side. The hinge acts upon the door's position by mounting the hinge element, coupled with the control rod, so that it can be displaced with and in the direction of said control rod relative to a corresponding hinge elements that is associated with a hinge eyelet of the supporting arm.

Abstract: A hinge for a motor vehicle door allows the door to be displaced with respect to a door pillar in a transverse movement combined with a pivoting movement by means of a four-joint mechanism that has a support arm and a control rod, both of which are hinged to the door and the door pillar. The support arm has a base support arm, at least one support arm element that can be detached from the base support arm and that has two hinge lugs supported on an extremity of the support arm, and means for interlinking the base support arm and the support arm element. The support arm element can be adjusted relative to the support arm through an axis that extends through the tangent plane of the base support arm and the support arm element by rotating them around a swiveling axis that is perpendicular to the tangent plane.

Abstract: The invention relates to motor vehicle door hinges with a braking and holding function, consisting of a first hinge half (1) which can be fixed to a door assembly part, door or door post, a second hinge half (2) which can be fixed to the other door assembly part and a hinge pin (3) which consists of a solid material and which connects the two hinge halves (1,2) in such a way that they pivot. The hinge pin (3) is connected to the gudgeon (5) of one hinge half (2) in such a way that it is rotationally fixed and is mounted in the gudgeon (4) of the other hinge half (1) with a running fit. The curvature (7) of the cross-section of said hinge pin also deviates from that of a perfect circle at least over a section (6) of the longitudinal part of the hinge pin which is associated with the particular gudgeon (4), this corresponding with a complementary configuration of the gudgeon bore of the gudgeon of the hinge half in which the hinge pin is mounted with its running fit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a door stop for motor vehicle doors which is integrated with a door hinge. The door hinge is constructed of two hinge halves which are each formed by a folded part made of sheet metal. The door hinge is also constructed of a hinge pin which pivotally connects both hinge halves to one another. The first hinge half having an essentially hat-shaped cross-section engages in-between both profile limbs of the other hinge half which is essentially u-shaped. The door stop comprises braking or holding means which are radially aligned in relation to the hinge pin axis and which intereact with stopping means, said stopping means being concentrically arranged in relation to the hinge pin axis. The door stop is essentially coaxial in relation to the hinge axis.