Abstract: A hydraulic unit for producing brake pressure for a hydraulic motor-vehicle brake system, including a main body, a cavity arranged in the main body and having at least one first bore segment with a defined target diameter, in which a cylindrical piston moveable in the axial direction is arranged, which, in the cavity, bounds at least one pressure chamber filled with a hydraulic fluid, for producing brake pressure in a brake circuit, and at least a first and a second sealing element for sealing off the cylindrical piston, which sealing elements are arranged at an axial distance from each other. In order to provide a hydraulic unit that can be produced more effectively and economically while the technical requirements nevertheless remain fulfilled, the material of the main body in a surface layer of an inner wall of the cavity in the bore segment has a material microstructure that is work-hardened.

Abstract: A hydraulic unit for producing brake pressure for a hydraulic motor-vehicle brake system, including a main body, a cavity arranged in the main body and having at least one first bore segment with a defined target diameter, in which a cylindrical piston moveable in the axial direction is arranged, which, in the cavity, bounds at least one pressure chamber filled with a hydraulic fluid, for producing brake pressure in a brake circuit, and at least a first and a second sealing element for sealing off the cylindrical piston, which sealing elements are arranged at an axial distance from each other. In order to provide a hydraulic unit that can be produced more effectively and economically while the technical requirements nevertheless remain fulfilled, the material of the main body in a surface layer of an inner wall of the cavity in the bore segment has a material microstructure that is work-hardened.

Abstract: A method to reduce pathogenic bacteria in a stable for farm animals, characterised by the application of a mixture of bacteria of the strains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pumilus in the stable.

Abstract: The novel water-soluble compounds are the ethyl ether and the N,N-dialkyl(C.sub.1 to C.sub.4)aminoethyl ethers of .beta.-cyclodextrin (.beta.-CD).The process for the preparation of these ethers is performed by reacting .beta.-CD with an etherifying agent in a basic liquid reaction medium. The reaction medium contains an alkali-metal hydroxide, water and at least one water-miscible organic solvent (for example, dimethoxyethane or isopropanol).

Abstract: The invention relates to novel water-soluble mixed ethers of .beta.-cyclodextrin (.beta.-CD) with ether substituents comprising (C.sub.1 and C.sub.2) alkyl, hydroxy(C.sub.2 to C.sub.4)alkyl and carboxy(C.sub.1 and C.sub.2)alkyl such as methylhydroxyethyl-.beta.-CD or hydroxyethyl-carboxy-methyl-.beta.-CD; hydroxyethyl-hydroxy propyl ethers are excepted.The process of the invention comprises reacting .beta.-cyclodextrin with at least two different alkylating, hydroxyalkylating and/or carboxyalkylating etherifying agents (for example, methyl chloride, ethylene oxide and/or chloroacetic acid) in a basic, liquid reaction medium containing an alkali-metal hydroxide, water and, optionally, at least one organic solvent (for example, dimethoxyethane or isopropanol).

Abstract: Disclosed is a cellulose ether having at least one phosphorus-containing substituent or a mixed ether of said cellulose ether having in addition at least one phosphorus-free substituent comprising alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl, sulfonoalkyl, aminoalkyl, or diaminoalkyl, wherein the phosphorus-containing substituent(s) comprise(s) groups of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are OX; or R.sup.1 is OX and R.sup.2 is OY; or R.sup.1 is OX and R.sup.2 is (CH.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.3 ; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are (CH.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.3 ; or R.sup.1 is (CH.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.3 and R.sup.2 is (CH.sub.2).sub.p --CH.sub.3, whereinX,Y are identical or different and comprise a hydrogen atom or a monovalent cation;m is an integer from 1 to 4; andn,p are identical or different and are 0 or 1; with the proviso that when m is 1 or 2, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may not be OX and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may not be OX and OY, respectively. Also disclosed is a process for producing these cellulose ether products.

Abstract: The application discloses a gel-forming composition based on (a) water, (b) a water-soluble cellulose mixed ether having at least one nonionic substituent from the group comprising hydroxyalkyl and alkyl and at least one anionic phosphorus-containing substituent, and (c) a salt containing a cation which is at least divalent. The phosphorus-containing substituent is a phosphonoalkyl group or a p-alkylphosphinoalkyl group. The application also relates to a process for the preparation of a gel from this composition, to the reversible reversing of the gel by the addition of an agent which complexes the cation, e.g. in the case of Al.sup.3+ ions, Fe.sup.3+ ions, Zr.sup.4+ ions or ZrO.sup.2+ ions, by means of an amount of fluoride ions, and to the use of this gel-forming compostion in the secondary production of petroleum.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing water-soluble phosphonomethyl ethers of cellulose from cellulose and halogenomethane phosphonic acid or one of its salts or acid derivatives, in an aqueous, alkaline medium. The process is carried out in such a way that, for each mole of the cellulose, from about 2.1 to 15 moles of hydroxide ions and from about 0.4 to 3.0 moles of halogenomethane phosphonate ions as etherifying agent are caused to react in from about 3 to 50 parts by weight, per part by weight of the cellulose, of a mixture which is composed of an inert, preferably water-miscible organic solvent and water and in which the proportion of water ranges from about 2 to 60 percent by weight, the reaction is continued until the phosphonomethyl cellulose has a DS of at least about 0.13.

Abstract: Disclosed are water-soluble cellulose mixed ethers which contain (a) at least one substituent from the group comprising alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl, sulfoalkyl and dialkylaminoalkyl and (b) a phosphonomethyl substituent and which has a DS of the first substituent(s) other than hydroxyalkyl from about 0.05 to 2.95 and/or an MS.sub.HAlk from about 0.5 to 6 and a DS.sub.PM from about 0.005 to 0.8. Also disclosed is a process for preparing such cellulose mixed ethers in which, per mole of the cellulose, from about 0.1 to 25 moles of the etherifying agent(s) for producing the substituent(s) under (a), from about 0.05 to 2 moles of halogenomethane phosphonate ions as the etherifying agent for producing the substituent under (b) and from about 0.8 to 12 moles of hydroxide ions are caused to react in a reaction mixture comprising up to about 30 parts by weight, per part by weight of the cellulose, of a mixture which is composed of an inert, preferably water-miscible organic solvent and H.sub.