Abstract: A method of detecting the presence of glycated proteins or peptides (GPs) includes the steps of assessing the sample for fluorescence, subjecting the sample to UV radiation, and reassessing the sample for an increase in fluorescence. An increase in fluorescence at the reassessing step indicates the presence of GPs. The method may be useful for detecting disease such as diabetes.

Abstract: A method of detecting the presence of bacterial spores in a sample comprises non-destructively to the spores carrying out the steps of assessing the absorption, reflectance, and/or index of refraction (IOR) of the sample, subjecting the sample to UV radiation, and reassessing the absorption, reflectance, and/or index of refraction (IOR) of the sample to determine the presence or absence of spores. A detector is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting bacteria and bacterial spores are disclosed in which a sample is assessed for the presence of bacteria and/or bacterial spores by reference to horizontally polarized fluorescent light.

Abstract: A method of detecting the presence of bacterial spores in a sample comprises non-destructively to the spores carrying out the steps of assessing the absorption, reflectance, and/or index of refraction (IOR) of the sample, subjecting the sample to UV radiation, and reassessing the absorption, reflectance, and/or index of refraction (IOR) of the sample to determine the presence or absence of spores. A detector is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of detecting the presence of glycated proteins or peptides (GPs) in a sample comprises carrying out the steps of assessing the sample for fluorescence, subjecting the sample to UV radiation, and reassessing the sample for an increase in fluorescence relative to any fluorescence assessed in said first assessing step, an increase in fluorescence at said reassessing step being indicative of the presence of GPs. The method may be useful for detecting disease such as diabetes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting bacteria and bacterial spores are disclosed in which a sample is assessed for the presence of bacteria and/or bacterial spores by reference to horizontally polarized fluorescent light.

Abstract: A method for detecting the presence of bacterial spores in a sample comprises non-destructively to the spores carrying out the steps of assessing the fluorescence of the sample, subjecting the sample to UV radiation, and reassessing the fluorescence of the sample to determine the presence of spores. An increase in fluorescence indicates the presence of spore.

Abstract: A method of detecting the presence of glycated proteins or peptides (GPs) in a sample comprises carrying out the steps of assessing the sample for fluorescence, subjecting the sample to UV radiation, and reassessing the sample for an increase in fluorescence relative to any fluorescence assessed in said first assessing step, an increase in fluorescence at said reassessing step being indicative of the presence of GPs. The method may be useful for detecting disease such as diabetes.

Abstract: A method for detecting the presence of bacterial spores in a sample comprises non-destructively to the spores carrying out the steps of assessing the fluorescence of the sample, subjecting the sample to UV radiation, and reassessing the fluorescence of the sample to determine the presence of spores. An increase in fluorescence indicates the presence of spores.

Abstract: A method for detecting the presence of bacterial spores in a sample comprises non-destructively to the spores carrying out the steps of assessing the fluorescence of the sample, subjecting the sample to UV radiation, and reassessing the fluorescence of the sample to determine the presence of spores. An increase in fluorescence indicates the presence of spores.

Abstract: The degree of hemoglobin oxygenation in the blood vessels of the retina is etermined under conditions of dark-adaptation and light-adaptation by directing a beam of near-infrared light having a range of wavelengths from 700 to 100 nanometers at a blood vessel in the retina, measuring the intensity of the backscattered light from the blood vessel in the range from 700 to 800 nanometers at regularly spaced intervals of wavelength, such as 2 nanometers, and determining the degree of hemoglobin oxygenation by reference to a correlation between hemoglobin oxygen and light absorbance in the near-infrared spectral range.