Abstract: A circular opening (54) is formed in a wall (12). A tubular shank (42) of a nut mounting unit (40) is inserted into the opening (54). The unit (40) is moved endwise to place a nut cage base (46) against the wall (12). A split sleeve (82) is installed on a small diameter portion (90) of a mandrel (M). The mandrel (M) and sleeve (82) are inserted into the tubular shank (42) from the side of the wall (12) opposite the nut cage (44). The mandrel (M) is then retracted to successfully move increasing and maximum diameter portions (90, 92) of the mandrel (M) through the split sleeve (82). The mandrel portions (92, 94) exert a radially outwardly expanding force on the split sleeve (82). The split sleeve (82) in turn imposes a radially outwardly expanding force on the tubular shank (42). This causes a plastic deformation of the tubular shank (42), creating a tight interference fit between the tubular shake (42) and the sidewall of the opening (54). In this manner, the unit (40) is firmly secured to the wall (12).

Abstract: A circular opening (48) is formed in a structural wall (12). A tubular shank (28) of a nut mounting grommet (26) is inserted into the opening (48). The grommet (26) is moved endwise to place a shoulder surface (34) on the base of a nut mounting cup (30) against the wall (12). A split sleeve (54) is installed on a small diameter portion (62) of a mandrel (52) and the mandrel and sleeve (52, 54) are inserted into the tubular shank (28) from the side of the wall (12) opposite the nut receiving cup (30). The mandrel (52) is then retracted to successively move increasing and maximum diameter portions (64, 66) of the mandrel (52) through the split sleeve (54). The mandrel portions (64, 66) exert a radially outwardly expanding force on the split sleeve (54). The split sleeve (54) in turn imposes a radially outwardly expanding force on the tubular shank ( 28).

Abstract: A circular opening (48) is formed in a structural wall (12). A tubular shank (28) of a nut mounting grommet (26) is inserted into the opening (48). The grommet (26) is moved endwise to place a shoulder surface (34) on the base of a nut mounting cup (30) against the wall (12). A split sleeve (54) is installed on a small diameter portion (62) of a mandrel (52) and the mandrel and sleeve (52, 54) are inserted into the tubular shank (28) from the side of the wall (12) opposite the nut receiving cup (30). The mandrel (52) is then retracted to successively move increasing and maximum diameter portions (64, 66) of the mandrel (52) through the split sleeve (54). The mandrel portions (64, 66) exert a radially outwardly expanding force on the split sleeve (54). The split sleeve (54) in turn imposes a radially outwardly expanding force on the tubular shank ( 28).

Abstract: A pull gun (10) is used for pulling a mandrel (12) through an expandable sleeve (124) positioned in a fastener hole (130, 132) having a countersink (140). The mandrel expands the sleeve (124) as it moves therethrough, causing the sleeve to put the metal which surrounds the hole (132, 130) and the countersink in a state of compression. The pull gun has an axially split, expandable countersink prestressing device (16) having a generally central passageway (38) through which the mandrel (12) travels axially as it is being retracted into the pull gun. The prestressing device (16) has conical end surfaces (46) to prestress the countersink as the mandrel is pulled through the hole. The device (16) has an axially split sleeve retainer (76) extending therein so as to retain the sleeve within the fastener hole when the mandrel is being retracted. The sleeve retainer (76) is in contact with the sleeve externally of the gun and has its inner end secured in the gun.

Abstract: A pull gun (30) is used for pulling a mandrel (32) through an expandable sleeve (126) positioned in a fastener hole (134, 136). The mandrel (32) expands the sleeve (126) as it moves through the sleeve (126), causing the sleeve (126) to prestress the metal which surrounds the hole (134, 136). The pull gun end of the hole is countersunk (138). The pull gun (30) includes an axially split ring (74) having a conical insert (90) which snugly fits within the countersink (138). The sleeve (126) extends through a center opening (80) in the expandable ring (126). Mandrel movement through the portion of the sleeve (126) within said central opening (80) forces the segments (76) of the ring (74) radially outwardly, causing the portions (90) of such ring (74) which are in the countersink (138) to expand and compress the metal which immediately surrounds the countersink (138). A solid film lubricant (127) is provided on the inner surface of the expandable sleeve (126).

Abstract: A pin fastening device having a double tapered head, the angle of one taper being on the order of 80 degrees, or sufficient to withstand severe longitudinal forces, and the angle of the other taper being on the order of 10 degrees, so as to provide a substantial interference fit between the pin and the work members. This double tapered head may be effectively utilized with a wide variety of pin fastener attachment end styles. Furthermore, an attachment end of a pin fastener is disclosed which includes a novel configuration of annular rings, which rings have a thread angle of 60 degrees, and relatively small radii of curvature at their trough and peak. By having such a set of annular rings, one portion of the pin may be longitudinally extended sufficiently to give the pin large shear force resistance, while sufficient total ring surface is retained to withstand large tension forces. A single pin may thus have both a high shear and tension resisting capacity.

Abstract: A lockbolt collar configured to reduce the longitudinal tension in a lockbolt which otherwise has the effect of reducing its cross section, and hence the tightness of its fit where it passes through the secured parts, the longitudinal tension being caused by the swaging of the collar onto the lockbolt. An external taper of the collar toward its end adjacent the secured parts commencing at a location intermediate its ends provides a spatial cavity within the swaging die of sufficient size to receive collar material displaced during swaging and thereby significantly reduce the reverse flow of such collar material causing such longitudinal tension in the lockbolt.

Abstract: A hand-tool housing a pneumatic and a hydraulic piston joined together with a common piston rod, and separated into an air chamber and a hydraulic chamber by a stationary divider through which the piston rod is sealed for free movement is used as a pulling device. Compressed air moves the puller to a starting position, and an air powered hydraulic unit supplies hydraulic pressure to effect the pulling cycle. Sequencing of the complete pulling cycle is controlled by a trigger actuated air valve mounted in the hand tool.

Abstract: A pin fastening device having a double tapered head, the angle of one taper being on the order of 80.degree., or sufficient to withstand severe longitudinal forces, and the angle of the other taper being on the order of 10.degree., so as to provide a substantial interference fit between the pin and the work members. This double tapered head may be effectively utilized with a wide variety of pin fastener attachment end styles. Furthermore, an attachment end of a pin fastener is disclosed which includes a novel configuration of annular rings, which rings have a thread angle of 60.degree., and relatively small radii of curvature at their trough and peak. By having such a set of annular rings, one portion of the pin may be longitudinally extended sufficiently to give the pin large shear force resistance, while sufficient total ring surface is retained to withstand large tension forces. A single pin may thus have both a high shear and tension resisting capacity.

Abstract: A process for seating a lockbolt with a positioned collar, swaging the collar onto the seated lockbolt and breaking off the pintail all in one operation. A single source of hydraulic power pulls a nose piece with gripper jaws to seat the lockbolt and to break off the pintail, and to move an anvil in the opposite direction to swage a collar onto the seated lockbolt. A combination air and hydraulic system sequences these steps.