Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing Muramyl dipeptide derivatives and conjugates or Muramyl dipeptide derivatives and conjugates combined with nucleoside derivatives which induce hematopoietic stem cell stimulation and mobilization into the circulating blood system. Methods to induce hematopoietic stem stimulation and mobilization, as well as methods to decrease myelotoxic effects using these pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Vaccines, composed of antigens absorbed on alum or formulated in an alum-containing composition, have enhanced immunogenicity over existing vaccines. The vaccines of the invention are characterized by their combination with 2-120 .mu.g per kg or 0.1 to 6 mg by dose, preferentially 6-60 .mu.g per kg or 0.3 to 3 mg per dose, of a hydrosoluble muramyl peptide.

Abstract: A therapeutical composition for use in humans, comprising a combination of at least one natural or recombinant and preferably human cytokine with at least one muramyl peptide selected from those which, when administered in vivo together with an interferon, also induce an increased in vivo production of an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist IL-1 RA, but preferably do not induce any increase in TNF, IL-8 and IL-1 cytokines. Said composition is useful for antiviral and antitumoral therapies and/or for promoting restoration of the haematopoietic system, particularly in individuals with a weakened immune system.

Abstract: Protection of ruminants against bacterial pneumonia caused by Pasteurella haemolytica has been achieved with a subunit vaccine. The vaccine contains two principle components; capsular polysaccharide of P. haemolytica and a synthetic adjuvant, muramyl dipeptide. This vaccine prevented bacterial infection of the lungs of vaccinated animals upon challenge with P. haemolygica. In contrast, animals that were not vaccinated or animals that were vaccinated with only capsular polysaccharide alone had severe lesions and high concentrations of P. haemolytica in the lung.

Abstract: The 3-O-[N-acetylmuramyl-D-isoglutaminyl]-1,2-di-O-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol derivative of formula I ##STR1## wherein the carbon atom marked with an asterisk * has the R or, respectively, the S configuration, possesses interesting pharmacological, in particular immunomodulating properties. It is particularly useful as an immunomodulant, as an adjuvant in vaccines and as a suppressing agent for IgE formation in e.g. type I allergies and atopical dermatitises.It is obtained by deprotection of a corresponding compound having one or more hydroxy group(s) in protected form.

Abstract: The invention relates to muramyleptide derivatives resulting essentially from the conjugation or the coupling, as the case may require, through an arm, between a muramylpeptide and a group containing two atoms contiguous with one another to each of which is attached a lipophile chain comprising from 8 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably from 14 to 24 carbon atoms. The derivatives according to the invention are endowed with remarkable stimulating properties with respect to the activation of macrophages, of which they amplify the tumoricidal properties.

Abstract: Biological compositions which induce sleep of the slow-wave type which comprise biological carriers and sleep-inducing muramyl peptides such as acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine and derivatives thereof and methods of using such compositions.

Abstract: Peptide fragment of M protein of S. pyrogenes elecit opsonic antibodies which are type-specific for type 24 streptococci.

Abstract: The compounds have the structure 2-(2-amino or alkyl-amido-2-desoxy-3-O-D-glucopyranosyl)-alkanyl-dipeptide, possibly substituted on the saccharide residue the amino acid residue at the end of the peptide chain being a D-glutamyl residue whose .alpha.-carboxy function is esterified and .gamma.-carboxyl function amidated. The compounds are valuable as immunological medicaments.

Abstract: The invention relates to an immunogenic principle containing a specific antigen determinant of a predetermined native antigen. This immunogenic principle is constituted by a conjugate between a hapten bearing said antigenic site and a muramyl-peptide, essentially in the absence of supporting macromolecules, this conjugate having an immunogenic effect not only against itself, but also with respect to the native antigen carrying said antigenic site.

Abstract: The novel products are water-soluble oligomers, free of N-acetyl-glucosamine units, and of which the monomer elements include a group derived from muramic acid on which is fixed a chain of the peptide type including at least two aminoacyl residues, the first being selected from among: L-alanyl, L-arginyl, L-asparagyl, L-histidyl, L-hydroxyprolyl, L-isoleucyl, L-leucyl, L-methionyl, L-phenylalanyl, L-prolyl, L-seryl, L-threonyl, L-tryptophanyl, L-valyl, and the second aminoacyl is D-glutamyl or D-isoglutaminyl. They are useful for their immunoregulator properties and for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of the muramyl-peptide type and to their uses. The muramyl-peptides according to the invention comprise at least two aminoacyl residues in the peptide chain, the second of these aminoacyl residues being D-glutamyl, and they are characterized in that the nitrogen of the first amino-acyl, and forming part of the pepetide linkage connecting the muramyl group to the peptide residue, is substituted by an alkyl group. These compounds are useful notably for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions, in particular by reason of their regulatory properties on the immune responses of the organism.

Abstract: A polymer of peptidic type formed by a chain formed from aminoacyl residues preferably derived of at least one of the amino-acid residues selected from the class consisting of .alpha.,.gamma.-diaminobutyric acid, ornithine, lysine, homo-lysine, of which the lateral amino functions portionally carry peptide branches of which the aminoacyl residues are preferably derived of those selected from the class consisting of alanine, glycine, .alpha.-aminobutyric acid, valine, leucine and proline, the above-said peptide polymer having an average molecular weight comprised between about 50,000 and 250,000, and to which are bound covalently, muramyl-peptide units of which the two first aminoacid residues bound to the muramyl group are stereoisomers of the D series, the second aminoacid residue having the structure of the glutamic acid.This product is useful as anti-infectious agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to new compounds useful notably as regulator of immune responses and which are derivatives of muramyl peptides substituted at the end of the peptide chain by a group containing at least four carbon atoms.

Abstract: Water soluble agents effective as immunological adjuvants for stimulating in the host the immune response to various antigens, comprising an acyl-muramic acid group, wherein acyl means acetyl or glycolyl, and a short peptide chain linked to said acyl-muramic acid group, the first and second amino acids of said peptide chain being preferentially alanine and glutamic acid respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to new compounds associating peptidyl or aminoacyl residues to lipophilic groups and pharmaceutical compositions containing said new compounds.The compounds according to the invention have the general formula: ##STR1## A preferred compound is:1-O (L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-L-alanyl)-glycerol-3-mycolate.These compounds are useful as anti-infectious agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new method for increasing the resistance of the organism to pathogenic germs and to compositions to carry out said method.In this method, one administers an effective dose of N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine or analogs responding to the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is OH or NH.sub.2, R.sub.2 is OH, NH.sub.2 or a peptidic residue containing from 1 to 6 aminoacids,with the proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not simultaneously NH.sub.2.

Abstract: Water soluble agents effective as immunological adjuvants for stimulating in the host the immune response to various antigens, comprising an acyl-muramic acid group, wherein acyl means acetyl or glycolyl, and a short peptide chain linked to said acyl-muramic acid group, the first and second amino acids of said peptide chain being preferentially alanine and glutamic acid respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates more particularly to the diamide of the 2-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-propionyl-L-alanyl-D-glutam ic acid, to the pharmaceutical compositions containing said compound in association with a pharmaceutical vehicle. Of particular interest are the oil-free compositions containing said compound, particularly the oil-free aqueous sterile isotonic injectable solutions. These compositions are useful as adjuvants for enhancing the immune response to vaccinant antigens, particularly weak immunogens.

Abstract: The invention relates to muramyleptide derivatives resulting essentially from the conjugation or the coupling, as the case may require, through an arm, between a muramylpeptide and a group containing two atoms contiguous with one another to each of which is attached a lipophile chain comprising from 8 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably from 14 to 24 carbon atoms. The derivatives according to the invention are endowed with remarkable stimulating properties with respect to the activation of macrophages, of which they amplify the tumoricidal properties.