Abstract: Testing probes in a testing apparatus are supported in a unitary structure to provide rigidity of the supports for the probes in testing. The spring probes have a contact head at the distal end from the probe tip with a set of antirotation tabs which lock in a cooperating antirotation slot in the probe guide. The contact head has a cone-shaped pilot at its tip which is engaged with a gold-plated contact spring. The inner diameter is integrally in contact with the pilot by mechanical engagement or bonding by soldering or laser welding or the like.

Abstract: A multiple site probe for simultaneous probing of multiple chip site clusters of pads. The multiple site probe assembly includes a mounting plate having a plurality of groups of adjustably mounted probes thereon. A plurality of cams cooperate with cam followers associated with individual groups of probes, each of the cam and cam followers having a displacement which is dependent upon its distance from a predetermined and fixed reference relative to the mounting plate. An actuator is connected to the cams so as to effect simultaneous actuation of the cams and to allow for differential displacement of each group of the groups of probes so as to compensate for accumulated tolerances and/or shrinkage of the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of aligning a plurality of probes to a plurality of contacts, the contacts being arragned in a pattern on a substrate. The method includes the steps of powering one of a selected pattern of probes or a like pattern of selected contacts such that upon the selected patterns being in coincidence, the plurality of probes will be in contact with predetermined contacts on the substrate. This is accomplished by providing a circuit path through all of the other probes or contacts which are not powered and then bringing the plurality of probes into contact at random with the contacts of the substrate and then moving one of the substrate and probes until the selected patterns coincide as by indication of a completed circuit path between selected patterns.