Abstract: Embodiments include a fractionated and/or distilled wax having from about 30 to about 64 carbon units, a degree of crystallinity as calculated by heat of melting and as measured by DSC of from about 55 to about 100, a Mw is from about 500 to about 800, and a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 1.05.

Abstract: Copolymer encapsulated wax particles and their use in forming toner compositions having particles with a desired circularity and size are provided.

Abstract: Embodiments include a distilled wax having a crystallinity of from about 55 to about 100 percent, wherein the degree of crystallinity is calculated using the following formulas: [Heat of enthalpy (Hm) J/g/294 J/g]×100=degree of crystallinity (Xc); [Heat of recrystallization (Hrc) J/g/294 J/g]×100=degree of crystallinity (Xc); and Sc/(Sc+Sa)]×100%, wherein Sc is a diffraction peak area of a crystalline component of the wax and the Sa is a diffraction peak area of an amorphous component of the wax; and wherein the Mp, Mn and Mw of the wax are all within the range of from about 500 to about 800, and wherein the wax has a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 1.05.

Abstract: Embodiments include a toner with a fractionated and/or distilled wax having from about 30 to about 64 carbon units, a degree of crystallinity as calculated by heat of melting and as measured by DSC of from about 55 to about 100, a Mw is from about 500 to about 800, and a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 1.05.

Abstract: Embodiments include a toner with a distilled wax having a crystallinity of from about 55 to about 100 percent, wherein the degree of crystallinity is calculated using the following formulas: [Heat of enthalpy (Hm) J/g/294 J/g]×100 =degree of crystallinity (Xc); [Heat of recrystallization (Hrc) J/g/294 J/g]×100 =degree of crystallinity (Xc); and Sc/(Sc+Sa)]×100%, wherein Sc is a diffraction peak area of a crystalline component of the wax and the Sa is a diffraction peak area of an amorphous component of the wax; and wherein the Mp, Mn and Mw of the wax are all within the range of from about 500 to about 800, and wherein the wax has a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 1.05.

Abstract: Continuous processes for producing toner compositions are provided utilizing spinning disc reactors, rotating tubular reactors, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A toner composition for use in a xerographic or electrostatographic imaging process. The toner composition includes a toner particle and an optional primary external surface additive and a friable external surface additive. The friable external surface additive may also be a material that is capable of functioning as a primary external surface additive. The friable external surface additive is generally larger than the primary surface additive and capable of having portions of the friable particle broken or abraded off during the imaging process. The particles that are abraded off the friable additive can replace the primary external additive particles that become embedded into toner particles during the development process. The friable additives contribute to reducing toner aging and provide a toner with satisfactory flow and triboelectric properties.