Abstract: A method and apparatus for stimulating a muscle of a subject are provided. The apparatus comprises a signal generator for generating an electrical pulse signal of a frequency and a current amplitude for inducing contractions in the muscle, and an electrode apparatus for applying the signal to nerves associated with the muscle to be stimulated or adjacent the muscle of the subject for stimulating the muscle. The frequency and current amplitude of the electrical pulse signal are selected so as to maximize the bulk of the muscle being subjected to the contractions so as to generate a shivering phenomenon therein.

Abstract: Pulsed electrical stimulation is applied to selected tissues via electrodes positioned on and/or in the body. Each electrode is connected to an output (108) of the apparatus. Each output (108) is connected between a high side switch (110) and a low side switch (112) of a switching array. Each stimulation pulse is subdivided into a number of time periods. By operation of the switches (110, 112) each electrode can be selected to operate as an anode or a cathode or neither during any given time period. The spatial and/or time summation of the anode-cathode currents is controlled to selectively to stimulate selected regions and/or types of tissues, typically nerve tissues.

Abstract: Pulsed electrical stimulation is applied to selected tissues via electrodes positioned on and/or in the body. Each electrode is connected to an output (108) of the apparatus. Each output (108) is connected between a high side switch (110) and a low side switch (112) of a switching array. Each stimulation pulse is subdivided into a number of time periods. By operation of the switches (110, 112) each electrode can be selected to operate as an anode or a cathode or neither during any given time period. The spatial and/or time summation of the anode-cathode currents is controlled to selectively to stimulate selected regions and/or types of tissues, typically nerve tissues.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for stimulating a muscle of a subject are provided. The apparatus comprises a signal generator for generating an electrical pulse signal of a frequency and a current amplitude for inducing contractions in the muscle, and an electrode apparatus for applying the signal to nerves associated with the muscle to be stimulated or adjacent the muscle of the subject for stimulating the muscle. The frequency and current amplitude of the electrical pulse signal are selected so as to maximize the bulk of the muscle being subjected to the contractions so as to generate a shivering phenomenon therein.