Abstract: Process for melting and refining a charge which is continuously introduced in raw condition at the inlet of a furnace and extracted in liquid condition at the bottom thereof, with heat transfer towards at least a substantial portion thereof by wall mounted flame burners directed towards the charge in which at least part of the flames result from the combustion of an industrial mixture of fuel and oxygen. For one or more of the flames in the refining zone, there is provided a pulsating combustion with cyclic variations of the oxygen and fuel feeds, including periods of maximum activity with flames of high heat capacity which alternate with periods of rest with substantially reduced and even completely nullified heat capacity. Application for example to the preparation of glass.