Abstract: A process is described for making substantially homogeneous copolymers comprising 20-99% of vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) and 1-80% of N-3,3-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, (DMAPMA), preferably 50-95% VP and 5-50% DMAPMA, and, most preferably, about 80:20, by weight, having a weight average molecular weight of about 200,000 to 1,500,000, as a clear, low viscosity aqueous solution of the homogeneous copolymer, at a 5-20% solids level, preferably about 10-15%, by weight of the solution, having a viscosity of about 5,000 to 80,000 cps, preferably about 10,000 to 70,000 cps. The solution obtained herein has lower viscosity and better clarity, and provides hair care products with enhanced curl retention (hold), when compared to non-homogeneous copolymers of the same composition, or related existing commercial products.

Abstract: This invention relates to substantially colorless and odorless vinyl lactam polymers containing less than 100 ppm residual vinyl pyrrolidone and less than 1000 ppm vinyl caprolactam monomers and to the process for producing said polymers in the above state of purity which comprises contacting a vinyl pyrrolidone and/or vinyl caprolactam polymer containing excessive residual monomer with between about 0.1 and about 9 wt. % of porous resin having a sulfonic and/or carboxylic functionality wherein said resin has a particle size between 5 and 500 mesh.

Abstract: Low VOC hair spray resin compositions containing homogeneous terpolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam and 3-(N-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide are described. The hair spray compositions are made using a solution of the terpolymer which is clear and low in viscosity, and which provides a spray of relative small particle size. The hair spray compositions exhibit an effective high humidity curl retention property.

Abstract: Substantially homogeneous copolymers comprising 20-99% of vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) and 1-80% of N-3,3-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, (DMAPMA), preferably 50-95% VP and 5-50% DMAPMA, and, most preferably, about 80:20, by weight, having a weight average molecular weight of about 200,000 to 1,500,000, as a clear, low viscosity aqueous solution of the homogeneous copolymer, at a 5-20% solids level, preferably about 10-15%, by weight of the solution, having a viscosity of about 5,000 to 80,000 cps, preferably about 10,000 to 70,000 cps. The solution obtained herein has lower viscosity and better clarity, and provides hair care products with enhanced curl retention (hold), when compared to non-homogeneous copolymers of the same composition, or related existing commercial products.

Abstract: A charge imbalanced polymer comprising:(a) about 10 to 90 mole % of polymeric units having the formulas ##STR1## where A is present in an amount of about 0.1-0.8 mole, and B is present in an amount of about 0.05-0.4 mole, and where A is 2-6 times B,where R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,n=1-6,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl,R.sub.3 is H or lower alkyl, andR.sub.4 =C.sub.12 -C.sub.24 alkyl;and(b) about 10 to 90 mole % of a polymeric diacid units having the formula: ##STR2## where R is as defined above, and (c) about 0-20 mole % of by-product salts which are the dialkylaminoalkylamine and alkylamine salts of acid units of (a) and (b).The charged imbalanced polymer described above is made by:reacting 1 mole of an anhydride compound having the formula ##STR3## where R is as defined above, with less than 1 mole of a mixture of about 0.1-0.8 mole of a compound having the formula ##STR4## where n, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as defined above, and about 0.05-0.

Abstract: A solvent for producing emulsifiable concentrates from agriculturally active chemicals which are insoluble in water comprises an alkoxyalkyl lactam such as butoxy propyl pyrrolidone. An agriculturally active chemical and the alkoxyalkyl lactam are admixed optionally with co-solvents, emulsifiers and surfactants to produce a stable emulsifiable concentrate. The concentrate is dilutable with water at the point of use to produce either macro or micro emulsions which are themselves stable to assure even application.

Abstract: Eutectic compositions of vinyl caprolactam (VCL) and divinyl imidazolidone (DVI) which are liquids at room temperature are described. These compositions are useful as reactive diluents in curable coating formulations.

Abstract: A charge imbalanced polymer is made by:reacting 1 mole of an anhydride compound having the formula ##STR1## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, with less than 1 mole of a mixture of about 0.1-0.8 mole of a compound having the formula ##STR2## where n is 1-6, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, and R.sub.3 is H or lower alkyl, and about 0.50-0.4 mole of a compound having the formula ##STR3## where R.sub.4 is C.sub.12 -C.sub.24 alkyl, and where (A) is 2-6 times (B), isolating the product, andhydrolyzing any residual anhydride compound in water to the corresponding diacid compound.

Abstract: A charge imbalanced composition comprising:(a) about 10 to 90 mole % of an amphoteric copolymer having the formula ##STR1## where R=alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4,N=1-6,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.6, andR.sub.3 is H,(b) about 10 to 90 mole % of a polymeric diacid having the formula: ##STR2## where R is as defined above, and(c) less than about 8 mole % of by-product salts which are the dialkylaminoalkylamine salts of (a) and (b).The composition described above is made by:reacting 1 mole of an anhydride compound having the formula ##STR3##where R is as defined above,with less than 1 mole of a compound having the formula ##STR4## where n, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined above, and R.sub.3 is H, isolating the product, andhydrolyzing any residual anhydride compound in water to the corresponding diacid compound.

Abstract: A solution of stearamidopropyl dimethyl pyrrolidonyl methyl ammonium chloride in a polyhydric alcohol, suitably at a concentration of about 1-30% by weight, preferably 2-20%, and, optimally, about 5-15%, wherein said polyhydric alcohol is a di-, tri-, or tetra hydric alcohol, preferably glycerol, is prepared by(a) slurrying said compound into excess acetone,(b) filtering the slurry to provide a filter cake of said compound,(c) forming a solution of said filter cake in a polyhydric alcohol, and(d) dropping said solution into an evacuated reaction vessel at a suitable rate to minimize excessive foaming while residual acetone is removed therefrom, the solution remaining under substantial full vacuum until substantially all the solution has been added and substantially of the acetone has been removed.

Abstract: What is provided herein are new and useful surfactants characterized by having a large number of hydroxyl hydrophilic groups therein with the formula: ##STR1## where R is a long chain alkyl group,Z is O or --NH, andn=1-4.

Abstract: What is provided herein are new and useful N-pyrrolidonyl alkyl amino 1,3,4-butanetriol compounds having the formula: ##STR1## where X is alkylene C.sub.1 -C.sub.5, andn is 1-4.

Abstract: This invention provides novel and useful surfactants having the formula: ##STR1## where R is a long chain fatty acid alkyl group, saturated or unsaturated, e.g. having from 8-22 carbon atoms, as for example, lauryl, stearyl, oleyl, palmityl, myristyl, and mixtures such as coco, tallow, etc.,M is a metal ion, preferably an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium, etc., andn is 1-6.

Abstract: This invention relates to divinyl epoxy ethers having the formula ##STR1## wherein x and x' are integers each having a value of from 0 to 3 and to the preparation and use of the above divinyl epoxy ethers for metal, wood or plastic coatings which possess high resistance to solvents and improved flexibility over saturated epoxy compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of rapidly curable, non-degradable protective coating compositions containing a divinylether alkene or epoxide having the formula ##STR1## wherein Y is --CH.dbd.CH-- or ##STR2## R is hydrogen or methyl and x and x' are integers each having a value of from 0 to 24, a cross-linkable base resin and a catalytic amount of a cross-linking initiator; to provide a metal or plastic coating which possesses high resistance to solvents and improved flexibility.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds having the structure ##STR1## wherein M is an alkali metal and n is an integer having a value of from 0 to 12. The invention also relates to the method of preparing said metal derivatives of butenediol and to their catalytic use in vinylation reactions.

Abstract: This invention relates to rapidly curable, non-degradable protective coating compositions containing a divinylether alkene having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl and x and x' are integers each having a value of from 0 to 24, a cross-linkable base resin and a catalytic amount of a cross-linking initiator; and to the preparation and use of the above divinylether alkenes for metal or plastic coatings which possess high resistance to solvents and improved flexibility.

Abstract: This invention relates to the reaction products of butyrolactone and an aliphatic amine utilizable as a chain extender and curing agent for castable polyurethanes and to the process employing said products in preparing castable polyurethane elastomers and to the process for preparing the butyrolactone amine adducts. The aliphatic amine reactants employed in preparing the butyrolactoneamine adducts are defined by the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is amino (--NH.sub.2) or hydroxy (--OH); R is hydrogen (--H) or methyl (--CH.sub.3) and n has a value of 1 to 2, which amines are reacted with butyrolactone in a mole ratio of between about 1:1 and about 1:3 to provide a curing agent having superior mechanical properties and having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, R' is a hydroxy group or ##STR3## and n has a value of 1 or 2.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for inhibiting the corrosion of metals placed therein is described. The composition comprises a non-oxidizing acid, and, as a corrosion inhibitor, an effective amount of a 3-dialkylamino-3-phenylethenylprop-1-yne.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for inhibiting the corrosion of metals is described. The composition comprises a non-oxidizing acid, and, as a corrosion inhibitor, an effective amount of a 3-dialkylamino-3-(1-ethylpentyl)prop-1-yne.