Abstract: A system for managing emissions of a vehicle includes a controller to perform: activating a heater responsive to a battery state of charge being at or above a predefined threshold, activating an air mover, causing the moving air to be heated to heat an aftertreatment system, receiving an aftertreatment system temperature responsive to activating the air mover, causing the engine to operate in a modified power mode where a power output of the engine is below a power output threshold, responsive to the temperature being at or above a first threshold and below a second threshold, causing the engine to operate the engine in a normal operating mode where the power output of the engine is at or above the power output threshold, responsive to the temperature being at or above the second threshold, and deactivating the heater when the temperature is at or above the second threshold.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a memory device and an operating method, and a memory system thereof, the memory device includes a memory array, a peripheral circuit coupled to the memory array, a target word line coupled to memory cells in the memory array, and a first word line adjacent to the target word line; the peripheral circuit is configured to: in a pre-pass phase for performing a read operation on a memory cell coupled to the target word line, apply a first pass voltage to the first word line; in a first sub-phase of a first read phase after the pre-pass phase, reduce the voltage on the first word line from the first pass voltage to a first voltage; in a second sub-phase of the first read phase, increase the voltage on the first word line from the first voltage to a second pass voltage.

Abstract: In certain aspects, a memory device includes an array of memory cells, word lines respectively coupled to rows of the memory cells, and a peripheral circuit coupled to the array of memory cells through the word lines and configured to read a select row of the rows of the memory cells. The peripheral circuit includes a word line driver coupled to the select row through a select word line of the word lines and to an unselect row of the rows of the memory cells through an unselect word line of the word lines, and configured to apply a pass voltage to the unselect word line, and discharge the unselect word line from the pass voltage to a first recovery voltage that is greater than a supply voltage of the array of memory cells.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling and managing ammonia slip are provided. A method includes: receiving, by a controller, data regarding operation of an exhaust aftertreatment system; determining, by the controller, that a condition for ammonia slip is present based on the data regarding operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system; determining, by the controller, that a condition for ammonia storage is present based on the data regarding operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system; and, commanding, by the controller, a heater to activate and warm a component of the exhaust aftertreatment system to reduce the stored amount of ammonia.

Abstract: A system includes a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) for receiving and treating exhaust gas generated by an engine and a controller. The controller is configured to: while exhaust gas is received by the PNA, detect a torque demand that is greater than a threshold value; responsive to detecting that the torque demand is greater than the threshold value, engage a motor, coupled with a battery system, with a drive shaft of the system to meet at least a portion of the torque demand; and in response to the engagement of the motor with the drive shaft not meeting all of the torque demand, engage the engine with the drive shaft to meet a remainder of the torque demand.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a hybrid system. For example, a computer-implemented method includes determining a system temperature zone of the aftertreatment system as being in: a first temperature zone below a first temperature threshold, a second temperature zone from the first temperature threshold to a second temperature threshold, or a third temperature zone above the second temperature threshold; determining a power demand corresponding to the operation of the hybrid system as being in: a first power demand zone if the power demand is below a power threshold, or a second power demand zone if the power demand is equal to or greater than the power threshold; and determining a control strategy based at least in part on the determined system temperature zone and the determined power demand.

Abstract: A memory includes at least a target word line and a first word line group and a second word line group respectively stacked on both sides of the target word line. The first word line group includes first word lines, and the second word line group includes second word lines. A method for operating the memory includes, during a pre-charge operation, applying a first bias voltage signal to the plurality of first word lines, applying a second bias voltage signal to a target word line, and applying a third bias voltage signal to the plurality of second word lines. The method also includes, during a programming operation, applying a program voltage signal to a target word line.

Abstract: A system includes a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) for receiving and treating exhaust gas generated by an engine and a controller. The controller is configured to: while exhaust gas is received by the PNA, detect a torque demand that is greater than a threshold value; responsive to detecting that the torque demand is greater than the threshold value, engage a motor, coupled with a battery system, with a drive shaft of the system to meet at least a portion of the torque demand; and in response to the engagement of the motor with the drive shaft not meeting all of the torque demand, engage the engine with the drive shaft to meet a remainder of the torque demand.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle comprises an engine, an energy storage device, and an aftertreatment system comprising a SCR catalyst configured to treat constituents of an exhaust gas. A controller is operatively coupled to the engine, the energy storage device, and the after treatment system, and configured to estimate an exhaust gas temperature and flow rate of the exhaust gas based on a set of engine operating parameters. The controller determines an exhaust gas cooling rate based on the exhaust gas temperature, flow rate, and a SCR catalyst temperature, and an ambient cooling rate based on an ambient temperature, a vehicle speed and the catalyst temperature. The controller determines a SCR catalyst temperature change rate based on the exhaust gas and ambient cooling rates, and adjusts a load distribution between the engine and the energy storage device based on the SCR catalyst temperature change rate.

Abstract: A system includes a catalyst for receiving and treating exhaust gas generated by an engine, a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) positioned upstream of the catalyst, a bypass valve positioned upstream of the catalyst and the PNA, and a controller. The controller is configured to: while controlling the bypass valve to direct exhaust gas to the PNA, detect a torque demand that is greater than a threshold value; responsive to detecting that the torque demand is greater than the threshold value, engage a motor, coupled with a battery system, with a drive shaft of the system to meet at least a portion of the torque demand; in response to the engagement of the motor with the drive shaft not meeting all of the torque demand, engage the engine with the drive shaft to meet a remainder of the torque demand.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling and managing ammonia slip are provided. A method includes: receiving, by a controller, data regarding operation of an exhaust aftertreatment system; determining, by the controller, that a condition for ammonia slip is present based on the data regarding operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system; determining, by the controller, that a condition for ammonia storage is present based on the data regarding operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system; and, commanding, by the controller, a heater to activate and warm a component of the exhaust aftertreatment system to reduce the stored amount of ammonia.

Abstract: A memory includes at least a target word line and a first word line group and a second word line group respectively stacked on both sides of the target word line. The first word line group includes first word lines, and the second word line group includes second word lines. A method for operating the memory includes, during a pre-charge operation, applying a first bias voltage signal to the plurality of first word lines, applying a second bias voltage signal to a target word line, and applying a third bias voltage signal to the plurality of second word lines. The method also includes, during a programming operation, applying a program voltage signal to a target word line.

Abstract: A system includes a catalyst for receiving and treating exhaust gas generated by an engine, a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) positioned upstream of the catalyst, a bypass valve positioned upstream of the catalyst and the PNA, and a controller. The controller is configured to: while controlling the bypass valve to direct exhaust gas to the PNA, detect a torque demand that is greater than a threshold value; responsive to detecting that the torque demand is greater than the threshold value, engage a motor, coupled with a battery system, with a drive shaft of the system to meet at least a portion of the torque demand; in response to the engagement of the motor with the drive shaft not meeting all of the torque demand, engage the engine with the drive shaft to meet a remainder of the torque demand.

Abstract: A system includes a catalyst for receiving and treating exhaust gas generated by an engine, a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) positioned upstream of the catalyst, a bypass valve positioned upstream of the catalyst and the PNA, and a controller. The controller is configured to, determine that the catalyst is operating under cold start conditions, control the bypass valve to direct exhaust gas to the PNA, determine that the catalyst is no longer operating under cold start conditions and continue to control the bypass valve to direct exhaust gas to the PNA for a predetermined duration, and after the elapse of the predetermined duration, control the bypass valve to direct exhaust gas to the catalyst bypassing the PNA. The controller is also configured to detect a high transient torque demand while the exhaust gas is provided to the PNA, and split the torque demand between the engine and an electric motor.

Abstract: A method includes determining, by a controller, that a transient event for a hybrid vehicle is occurring; determining, by the controller, an increase of power demand for the hybrid vehicle based on the determined transient event; directing, by the controller, an amount of power from an electric motor of the hybrid vehicle to a powertrain of the hybrid vehicle based on the increase in power demand, the amount of power from the electric motor determined based on at least one of a state of charge of a battery of the hybrid vehicle; and increasing, by the controller, an amount of power from an engine of the hybrid vehicle as a power output from the electric motor decays to avoid an engine power output spike from the engine based on the determined increase in power demand.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a hybrid system. For example, a computer-implemented method includes determining a system temperature zone of the aftertreatment system as being in: a first temperature zone below a first temperature threshold, a second temperature zone from the first temperature threshold to a second temperature threshold, or a third temperature zone above the second temperature threshold; determining a power demand corresponding to the operation of the hybrid system as being in: a first power demand zone if the power demand is below a power threshold, or a second power demand zone if the power demand is equal to or greater than the power threshold; and determining a control strategy based at least in part on the determined system temperature zone and the determined power demand.

Abstract: In certain aspects, a memory device includes a memory cell array having rows of memory cells, word lines respectively coupled to the rows of memory cells, and a peripheral circuit coupled to the memory cell array through the word lines. Each memory cell is configured to store a piece of N-bits data in one of 2N levels, where N is an integer greater than 1. The level corresponds to one of 2N pieces of N-bits data. The peripheral circuit is configured to program, in a first pass, a row of target memory cells, such that each target memory cell is programmed into one of K intermediate levels based on the corresponding piece of N-bits data, wherein 2N-1<K<2N. The peripheral circuit is also configured to program, in a second pass after the first pass, the row of target memory cells, such that each target memory cell is programmed into one of the 2N levels based on the corresponding piece of N-bits data.

Abstract: In certain aspects, a memory device includes a memory cell array having rows of memory cells, word lines respectively coupled to the rows of memory cells, and a peripheral circuit coupled to the memory cell array through the word lines. Each memory cell is configured to store a piece of N-bits data in one of 2N levels, where N is an integer greater than 1. The level corresponds to one of 2N pieces of N-bits data. The peripheral circuit is configured to program, in a first pass, a row of target memory cells, such that each target memory cell is programmed into one of K intermediate levels based on the corresponding piece of N-bits data, wherein 2N?1<K<2N. The peripheral circuit is also configured to program, in a second pass after the first pass, the row of target memory cells, such that each target memory cell is programmed into one of the 2N levels based on the corresponding piece of N-bits data.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle comprises an engine, an energy storage device, and an aftertreatment system comprising a SCR catalyst configured to treat constituents of an exhaust gas. A controller is operatively coupled to the engine, the energy storage device, and the after treatment system, and configured to estimate an exhaust gas temperature and flow rate of the exhaust gas based on a set of engine operating parameters. The controller determines an exhaust gas cooling rate based on the exhaust gas temperature, flow rate, and a SCR catalyst temperature, and an ambient cooling rate based on an ambient temperature, a vehicle speed and the catalyst temperature. The controller determines a SCR catalyst temperature change rate based on the exhaust gas and ambient cooling rates, and adjusts a load distribution between the engine and the energy storage device based on the SCR catalyst temperature change rate.

Abstract: A system includes a catalyst for receiving and treating exhaust gas generated by an engine, a passive NOx adsorber (PNA) positioned upstream of the catalyst, a bypass valve positioned upstream of the catalyst and the PNA, and a controller. The controller is configured to, determine that the catalyst is operating under cold start conditions, control the bypass valve to direct exhaust gas to the PNA, determine that the catalyst is no longer operating under cold start conditions and continue to control the bypass valve to direct exhaust gas to the PNA for a predetermined duration, and after the elapse of the predetermined duration, control the bypass valve to direct exhaust gas to the catalyst bypassing the PNA. The controller is also configured to detect a high transient torque demand while the exhaust gas is provided to the PNA, and split the torque demand between the engine and an electric motor.