Abstract: The invention is in the field of the prevention, amelioration or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular of dementia including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's Disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The invention provides new compositions that allow an improved prevention, amelioration and treatment of such diseases. More in particular, the invention provides a composition comprising a xanthophyll and a hydrolysate of a protein, comprising di- and tripeptides.