Abstract: A device for direct electrostatic printing (DEP) is provided comprising a device having an external surface carrying toner particles for generating a flow of toner particles to an image receiving member and a printhead structure, having two major faces, interposed in the flow of toner particles for image-wise modulating this flow, wherein the external surface moves in a direction A and the printhead structure is kept at a constant distance, D, from that external surface by spacing elements forming an angle between 45° and 0° with direction A and being located at a distance d from each other such that 1 cm≦d≦50 cm. In a preferred embodiment the spacing elements are located at a distance d such that 5 cm≦d≦35 cm and the constant distance D is kept between 25 and 500 &mgr;m.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrostatographic developer composition comprising carrier particles and toner particles with a toner particle size distribution having a volume average particle size (T) such that 4 m.mu..ltoreq.T.ltoreq.12 .mu.m and an average charge (absolute value) pro diameter in femtocoulomb/10 .mu.m (C.sub.T) after triboelectric contact with said carrier particles such that 1 fC/10 .mu.m.ltoreq.C.sub.T .ltoreq.10 fc/10 .mu.m characterised in that(i) said carrier particles have a saturation magnetization value, M.sub.sat, expressed in Tesla (T) such that M.sub.sat .gtoreq.0.30 T(ii) said carrier particles have a volume average particle size (C.sub.avg) such that 30 .mu.m.ltoreq.C.sub.avg .ltoreq.60 .mu.m(iii) said volume based particle size distribution of said carrier particles has at least 90% of the particles having a particle diameter C such that 0.5 C.sub.avg .ltoreq.C.ltoreq.2C.sub.