Abstract: Apparatus for the cross-flow filtration of liquids or gases, such apparatus having disc-shaped filter elements which are located concentrically around a filtrate collecting pipe and within a tubular jacket, and an inlet and outlet pipe extending parallel to the filtrate collecting pipe, each inlet and outlet pipe having an aperture between each filter element to ensure that the liquid to be filtered is supplied tangentially thereby assuming a helical flow across the filter elements. The filter elements are provided on both sides with a microporous membrane and are provided with a supporting layer having sealed passages in order to supply the filtrate to the central collecting pipe.

Abstract: A method of producing an electrically conductive plastic material, the conductive pigment in said material being selected from lamp black, graphite and a mixture of lamp black and graphite wherein the conductive pigment is dispersed in a hydrocarbon solvent, the pigment-hydrocarbon dispersion then being subjected to a vibrational force to cause swelling of the conductive pigment in the solvent and adding a bonding agent having an interface surface tension substantially equal to that of the solvent.

Abstract: A method for production of a micro-porous membrane for filtration plants, whereby finely distributed particles are mixed and aligned in a plastics material or a preliminary plastics material product and are insoluble therein, the particles are then dissolved out after reaching the final mould position; said insoluble particles mixed into the plastics material or preliminary plastics material product being aligned in a liquid state in the pores of a coarse pored support membrane at right angles to the membrane surface.