Abstract: Adenosine analogue-type A3 receptor agonists having the formula wherein D is N or CH; E is O; X1 is a group of the formula —CR20R2 1-CYCLE, where R20 and R21 are the same or different and are H, F or CH3; CYCLE is where G is N, CH, CF, CCH3 or CCF3, M is H, Y is —O— or N?, and Z is —N? when Y is O, or is O when Y is —N?; R5 is H, CH3, I, Br, Cl, CF3, OH or NH2; and R8 is —NR9R10, —CHR9R10 or —N?CR9R10, where R9 and R10 are the same and are C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkenyl or C1-C4 alkoxyalkyl X2 is mono-N— or di-N,N—(C1-C4)alkylaminocarbonyl, mono-N—or di-N,N—(C3-C5)cycloalkyl-aminocarbonyl or N-(C1-C4)alkyl-N-(C3-C5)cycloalkylamino-carbonyl; X3 is OH or NH2; X4 is OH; X5 is H , halogen, (C1-C10)alkyl , (C2-C10)alkenyl , (C2-C10)alkynyl , or either of the latter two groups where terminally substituted by an aryl or heteroaryl group and, when having a terminal methyl group, optionally further terminally substituted by hydroxyl.