Abstract: Retention features are provided for joining at least two structural components in a fixtureless assembly system. A first structure including a groove may be configured to contain at least one adhesive, and a second structure may include a tongue configured to contact the at least one adhesive to join the first and second structures. The first structure may also include at least one window that receives electromagnetic (EM) radiation from an EM radiation source into the groove. The at least one adhesive is configured to cure at a first rate upon exposure to one of time or heating, and the at least one adhesive is configured to cure at a second rate faster than the first rate upon exposure to the EM radiation.

Abstract: In the present disclosure, systems and apparatuses of a low deflection end-of-arm tooling configured to interface with robots are described. In one aspect, an apparatus may include a shaft with dimensions that include a length greater than a width and having lengthwise distal and proximal ends, and the distal end may be configured to interface with a tool. The apparatus may further includes a flange connected to the proximal end of the shaft and configured to interface with a robotic arm. The apparatus may further include a tool located at the proximal end of the shaft and configured to interface with a plurality of parts associated with vehicular assembly. The shaft may be configured to resist deformation beyond a configured amount when a respective load is applied by each part of the plurality of parts retained by the tool.

Abstract: Retention features are provided for joining at least two structural components in a fixtureless assembly system. A first structure including a groove may be configured to contain at least one adhesive, and a second structure may include a tongue configured to contact the at least one adhesive to join the first and second structures. The first structure may also include at least one window that receives electromagnetic (EM) radiation from an EM radiation source into the groove. The at least one adhesive is configured to cure at a first rate upon exposure to one of time or heating, and the at least one adhesive is configured to cure at a second rate faster than the first rate upon exposure to the EM radiation.

Abstract: Part retention features are disclosed for securing additively manufactured (AM) parts or for securing an AM part with another component, such as a node, panel, tube, extrusion, and the like, while an adhesive is being applied and/or while the adhesive is undergoing expansion due to a subsequent curing process. The retention features described herein can be used in the context of one or more AM parts such that the elements used to house the retention features (e.g., grooves, apertures, elastic elements, etc.) can advantageously be co-printed with the AM part, thereby removing a manufacturing step. The retention features also can be made with flatter profiles than existing solutions, making the overall structure smaller and less cumbersome to assemble.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for robotic joining of components, parts, and structures are disclosed. A method in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure comprises determining a target first position and a target second position in a reference frame, controlling robotic arms to move a first part to the target first position and a second part to the target second position, measuring the parts at the target first and second positions to obtain a measured first and second positions, performing a first operation to determine differences between the measured positions and the target positions, and when the differences exceeds desired tolerances, controlling the robotic arms to move the parts to compensate for the differences, and controlling at least the first or second robotic arm to join the first and second parts after the first and second operations are concluded.

Abstract: The present aspects include an assembly having discretized and segmented joint architecture. The assembly comprises a first structure including an outer wall and an inner wall, wherein the outer wall and the inner wall extend from a base of the first structure, and define a groove, and a plurality of connecting walls extending between the outer wall and the inner wall such that the groove is divided into a plurality of groove segments defined by the outer wall, the inner wall, and the plurality of connecting walls. The assembly further comprises a second structure including a plurality of tongue segments which extend into the plurality of groove segments. A first adhesive is inserted into the groove, thereby bonding the plurality of tongue segments within the plurality of groove segments such that the first and second structures are fixed together.

Abstract: An approach to positioning one or more robotic arms in an assembly system may be described herein. For example, a system for robotic assembly may include a first robot, a second robot, and a control unit. The control unit may be configured to receive a first target location proximal to a second target location. The locations may indicate where the robots are to position the features. The control unit may be configured to calculate a first calculated location of the first feature of the first subcomponent, measure a first measured location of the first feature of the first subcomponent, determine a first transformation matrix between the first calculated location and the first measured location, reposition the first feature of the first subcomponent to the first target location using the first robot, the repositioning based on the first transformation matrix.

Abstract: In the present disclosure, methods, systems, and apparatuses for in-process assembly error correction are described. In various embodiments, a target arrangement of parts of an assembly may be obtained, with the target arrangement including a first target position of a first part, a second target position of a second part, and a third target position of a third part. The first part and the second part may be robotically joined based on the first target position and the second target position to obtain a first subassembly of the assembly, with the first subassembly having a first physical arrangement that includes the physical arrangement of the first and second parts after joining. The first physical arrangement may be fitted to the target arrangement to obtain a fitted first physical arrangement. The first subassembly and the third part may be robotically joined based on the fitted first physical arrangement.

Abstract: An approach to positioning one or more robotic arms in an assembly system may be described herein. For example, an apparatus may include a first robotic arm having a distal end and a proximal end. The distal end may be configured for movement and the proximal end may secure the first robotic arm. The apparatus may further include a camera connected with the distal end of the first robotic arm. The camera may be configured to capture image data of a marker connected with a second robotic arm and provide the image data to a computer. The computer may generate a set of instructions for the first robotic arm based on the image data of the marker. The movement of the first robotic arm may be caused by the computer according to the generated set of instructions.

Abstract: Various aspects of robotic grippers are disclosed herein. In one aspect, a robotic gripper may include three gripper fingers arranged on a mechanical end effector, the three gripper fingers configured to translate radially when actuated to contact and align with a gripper interface located on a part to enable manipulation of the part. In various embodiments, each gripper finger may include an elongated portion configured to contact an outer surface of the gripper interface when the gripper fingers are actuated. Each gripper finger may further include a hook portion configured to contact an inner surface of the gripper interface opposing the outer surface. In various embodiments, the hook portion may include a receptacle positioned to align with a complementary protrusion on the gripper interface.

Abstract: Systems and methods for curing adhesives in a robotic assembly cell are disclosed. An apparatus in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure comprises a chassis, a gearbox, coupled to the chassis, and a radiation head, coupled to the gearbox, the radiation head emitting radiation in a direction, wherein the radiation head is moveable with respect to the chassis.

Abstract: A parts table may comprise a structure including a first surface, a base including a platform affixed to the structure, and kinematic couplers secured to the base and configured to dock with complementary kinematic couplers of an alignment structure, the alignment structure being secured to a floor of an assembly cell, the first surface including a parts interface configured to hold a plurality of parts for assembly in the assembly cell, such that each part of the plurality of parts can be picked up by a robot of the assembly cell when the parts table is docked with the alignment structure, and the parts table is movable to a new location when the kinematic couplers are undocked from the alignment structure.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for using a structure as a sensor are disclosed. An apparatus in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure comprises an additively-manufactured component comprising a channel, a sensor including an connection point, wherein the sensor is arranged in the channel, and an adhesive arranged in the channel, the adhesive coupling the additively-manufactured component to the sensor, such that the connection point is accessible external to the adhesive, the sensor being configured to provide a signal at the connection point, wherein the signal provides information of an applied force on the additively-manufactured component.

Abstract: An approach to positioning one or more robotic arms in an assembly system may be described herein. For example, a system for robotic assembly may include a first robot, a second robot, and a control unit. The control unit may be configured to receive a first target location proximal to a second target location. The locations may indicate where the robots are to position the features. The control unit may be configured to calculate a first calculated location of the first feature of the first subcomponent, measure a first measured location of the first feature of the first subcomponent, determine a first transformation matrix between the first calculated location and the first measured location, reposition the first feature of the first subcomponent to the first target location using the first robot, the repositioning based on the first transformation matrix.

Abstract: A buffer block apparatus for securing a node may be described. The buffer block apparatus may include a first surface having disposed thereon at least one first zero-point feature configured for a first zero-point interface with a robotic assembly apparatus; and a second surface, different from the first surface, configured to connect with a first surface of a node and form a first rigid connection between the buffer block apparatus and the node, wherein the buffer block apparatus provides at least one reference coordinate system with respect to the node.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for assembling components are described. An apparatus in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure comprises a first structure having a first tongue, a second tongue, and a third tongue, the second tongue being between the first tongue and the third tongue, a second structure having a first groove, a second groove, and a third groove, the second groove being between the first groove and the third groove, a first adhesive, coupled to the first tongue and the first groove and coupled to the third tongue and the third groove when the first structure is coupled to the second structure, and a second adhesive coupled to the second tongue and the second groove when the first structure is coupled to the second structure, wherein the first adhesive is injected into the first groove and the third groove and the second adhesive is injected into the second groove.

Abstract: A resin composition can includes a first isocyanurate component and a first bonding component bonded to the first isocyanurate component. The first bonding component can be configured to bond to a second bonding component that is bonded to a second isocyanurate component. The first bonding component can be configured to bond to the second bonding component based upon an application of an initiator to the resin composition. In this way, the first isocyanurate component can be coupled to the second isocyanurate component. The resin composition can be either in a pre-cured state in which the first isocyanurate component is not coupled to the second isocyanurate component or in a post-cured state in which at least a portion of the first isocyanurate component is coupled to at least a portion of the second isocyanurate component.

Abstract: An apparatus for assembling structures is provided. The apparatus includes an assembly robot and a mobile unit coupled to or integrated with the assembly robot. A controller coupled to the assembly robot and the mobile unit can selectively operate the assembly robot and the mobile unit based at least in part on an assembly being produced, such that the controller selectively operates the mobile unit when at least one of the assembly being produced and a sequence of assembly of is altered.

Abstract: Adaptable manufacturing systems, methods, and apparatuses are disclosed. An apparatus for manufacturing a product in accordance with the present disclosure may include a design apparatus, an assembly apparatus, and a control apparatus, coupled to the design apparatus and the assembly apparatus. The control apparatus receives input information from the design apparatus and the assembly apparatus. The control apparatus provides output information for altering at least one parameter used by at least one of the design apparatus and the assembly apparatus in the manufacture of the product.

Abstract: Part retention features are disclosed for securing additively manufactured (AM) parts or for securing an AM part with another component, such as a node, panel, tube, extrusion, and the like, while an adhesive is being applied and/or while the adhesive is undergoing expansion due to a subsequent curing process. The retention features described herein can be used in the context of one or more AM parts such that the elements used to house the retention features (e.g., grooves, apertures, elastic elements, etc.) can advantageously be co-printed with the AM part, thereby removing a manufacturing step. The retention features also can be made with flatter profiles than existing solutions, making the overall structure smaller and less cumbersome to assemble.