Abstract: A method for heating a battery having individual battery cells employs semiconductor switching elements arranged between the poles of the individual battery cells. The individual battery cells are short-circuited to be heated via the semiconductor switching elements. A time phase with short-circuited individual battery cells and a time phase with individual battery cells that are not short-circuited alternate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the production method of inorganic nanofibres through electrostatic spinning of solution, which comprises alkoxide of metal or of semi-metal or of non-metal dissolved in a solvent system on basis of alcohol. The solution is stabilised by chelating agent, which prevents hydrolysis of alkoxide, and after homogenisation it is mixed with solution of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in alcohol, after then the resultant solution is brought into electrostatic field, in which the electrostatic spinning is running continually, the result of which is production of organic-inorganic nanofibres, which are after then calcinated outside the spinning device in the air atmosphere at the temperature from 500° C. to 1300° C.