Abstract: A high temperature long life thermocouple assembly for measuring continuous molten metal temperatures is made from thermocouple protection tube of insulating materials fabricated by rolling to form an open ended tube which resists attack of molten metals by dissolution and oxidation. The tube is plugged from one end, which is the sensing end of the thermocouple, with a plug made of a different material than the tube body and is cemented to the tube. The cement used is a special high temperature mortar which adheres to the plug and the tube. The plug is made of special graphite by infiltrating into it certain corrosion salt inhibitors. When assembled the tube encases the thermocouple protecting it from dissolution and failure upon immersion in molten metal. This device makes it feasible to monitor continuously for days the temperature of molten metals and alloys, in corrosive atmospheres at temperatures as high as 2820.degree. F.

Abstract: A molten metal pump includes a filter that prevents ingestion of foreign material such as dross from molten metal within which the pump is immersed. The filter is a large structure that is secured to the base of the pump surrounding the pump's inlet. The filter forms a cavity adjacent the pump's inlet. The ratio of the surface area of the filter to the inlet area of the pump is very large; the filter has a low porosity while maintaining a high flow rate for the pump.

Abstract: The invention provides a composite carbon or graphite having desirable properties such as corrosion and wear resistance. The invention combines a graphite substrate with a protective porous zone of silicon carbide. The whole body of graphite plus silicon carbide then is infiltrated with aluminum phosphate. An adhered barrier of silicon carbide, ranging in thickness between 0.015 and 0.050 inch thick is integrated with a graphite stratum to form a very hard surface, resistant to mechanical and chemical wear. The silicon carbide barrier is closely compatible to the graphite substrate, in resistance to thermal shock and in qualities of thermal expansion. In order to improve oxidation resistance further, a new composition was formed by infiltrating aluminum phosphate through the silicon carbide into the graphite to form a single body of composite graphite.

Abstract: The invention provides a composite carbon or graphite having desirable properties such as corrosion and wear resistance. The invention combines a graphite substrate with a protective porous zone of silicon carbide. The whole body of graphite plus silicon carbide then is infiltrated with aluminum phosphate. An adhered barrier of silicon carbide, ranging in thickness between 0.015 and 0.050 inch thick is integrated with a graphite stratum to form a very hard surface, resistant to mechanical and chemical wear. The silicon carbide barrier is closely compatible to the graphite substrate, in resistance to thermal shock and in qualities of thermal expansion. In order to improve oxidation resistance further, a new composition was formed by infiltrating aluminum phosphate through the silicon carbide into the graphite to form a single body of composite graphite.