Patents by Inventor Lyle Richard Middendorf
Lyle Richard Middendorf has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
-
Patent number: 6207421Abstract: A universal terminator includes a heterocycle other than naturally occuring DNA heterocycles such as adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. In terminating strand synthesis, the hybridized primer-template is split into four aliquots. In the “A” vial is added DNA polymerase and normal amounts of “C”, “G”, and “T” deoxynucleotides, along with a reduced amount of “A” deoxynucleotide and an amount of the universal terminator such that statistically the universal terminator has less than a one percent chance of being incorporated at sites where a “C”, “G”, or “T” deoxynucleotide should be incorporated and about a one percent chance of being incorporated at sites where an “A” deoxynucleotide should be incorporated.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1995Date of Patent: March 27, 2001Assignee: Li-Cor, Inc.Inventors: Lyle Richard Middendorf, John A. Brumbaugh
-
Patent number: 6143151Abstract: To sequence long strands of DNA, clone strands having lengths longer than 100 bases are, in one embodiment, marked on one end with biotin. These strands are divided into 4 aliquots and each aliquot: (1) is uniquely chemically treated to randomly terminate the strands at the non-biotinylated end at a selected type of base; and (2) is moved continuously by electrophoresis through a different one of four identical channels. In the one embodiment, the strands are randomly terminated at a selected base type and they are moved into avidin, which due to high affinity, combines with the biotin marked ends of shorter strands before the longer strands are fully resolved in the gel. The avidin is marked with fluorescein, the strands are scanned and the signals are decoded. In another embodiment, the strands are synthesized, with termination at a selected base type and marked either by the above method of by ethidium bromide.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1995Date of Patent: November 7, 2000Assignee: Li-Cor, Inc.Inventors: Lyle Richard Middendorf, John Brumbaugh
-
Patent number: 6086737Abstract: To sequence DNA automatically, DNA marked with far infrared, near infrared, or infrared fluorescent dyes are electrophoresed in a plurality of channels through a gel electrophoresis slab or capillary tubes wherein the DNA samples are resolved in accordance with the size of DNA fragments in the gel electrophoresis slab or capillary tubes into fluorescently marked DNA bands. The separated samples are scanned photoelectrically with a laser diode and a sensor, wherein the laser scans with scanning light at a wavelength within the absorbance spectrum of said fluorescently marked DNA samples and light is sensed at the emission wavelength of the marked DNA.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 1995Date of Patent: July 11, 2000Assignee: Li-Cor, Inc.Inventors: Gabor Patonay, Narasimhachari Narayanan, John A. Brumbaugh, Lyle Richard Middendorf
-
Patent number: 6004446Abstract: To sequence DNA, DNA samples marked with flourscent infrared dye are applied at a plurality of locations for electrophoresing in a plurality of channels through a gel electrophoresis slab. The channels are scanned with a laser and a sensor, that include a microscope focused on the gel slab. The focal point and slab are adjusted with respect to each other so that the focal point of the microscope remains on the gel slab during a scan. The data from the scan is directly used to amplitude modulate density readings on a display, and the scan is displayed in a horizontal sweep of a cathode ray tube, whereby said cathode ray tube provides intensity displays of bands representing DNA. Different sizes of glass gel sandwiches may be mounted to the same console for different sequencing tasks.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 1998Date of Patent: December 21, 1999Assignee: Li-Cor, Inc.Inventors: Lyle Richard Middendorf, Robert Clark Bruce, Robert David Eckles
-
Patent number: 5863403Abstract: To sequence DNA automatically, fluorescently marked DNA are electrophoresed in a plurality of channels through a gel electrophoresis slab; wherein the DNA samples are resolved in accordance with the size of DNA fragments in the gel electrophoresis slab into fluorescently marked DNA bands. The separated samples are scanned photoelectrically with a laser and a sensor, wherein the laser scans with scanning light at a scanning light frequency within the absorbance spectrum of said fluorescently marked DNA samples and light is sensed at the emission frequency of the marked DNA. The light is modulated from said laser at a predetermined modulation frequency and fluorescent light emitted by said DNA bands at said modulation frequency is detected, whereby background noise from the medium through which the light is transmitted is discriminated against.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1996Date of Patent: January 26, 1999Assignee: The Board of Regents of the University of NebraskaInventors: Lyle Richard Middendorf, John Albert Brumbaugh, Gi Young Jang
-
Patent number: 5800995Abstract: To sequence DNA automatically, DNA marked with far infrared, near infrared, or infrared fluorescent dyes are electrophoresed in a plurality of channels through a gel electrophoresis slab or capillary tubes wherein the DNA samples are resolved in accordance with the size of DNA fragments in the gel electrophoresis slab or capillary tubes into fluorescently marked DNA bands. The separated samples are scanned photoelectrically with a laser diode and a sensor, wherein the laser scans with scanning light at a wavelength within the absorbance spectrum of said fluorescently marked DNA samples and light is sensed at the emission wavelength of the marked DNA.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1996Date of Patent: September 1, 1998Assignee: Li-Cor, Inc.Inventors: Gabor Patonay, Narasimhachari Narayanan, Lucjan Strekowski, Lyle Richard Middendorf, Malgorzata Lipowska
-
Patent number: 5755943Abstract: To sequence DNA, DNA samples marked with flourscent infrared dye are applied at a plurality of locations for electrophoresing in a plurality of channels through a gel electrophoresis slab. The channels are scanned with a laser and a sensor, that include a microscope focused on the gel slab. The focal point and slab are adjusted with respect to each other so that the focal point of the microscope remains on the gel slab during a scan. The data from the scan is directly used to amplitude modulate density readings on a display, and the scan is displayed in a horizontal sweep of a cathode ray tube, whereby said cathode ray tube provides intensity displays of bands representing DNA. Different sizes of glass gel sandwiches may be mounted to the same console for different sequencing tasks.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1996Date of Patent: May 26, 1998Assignee: Li-Cor, Inc.Inventors: Lyle Richard Middendorf, Robert Clark Bruce, Robert David Eckles
-
Patent number: 5639874Abstract: To sequence DNA automatically, DNA marked with near infrared fluorescent dyes are electrophoresed in a plurality of channels through a gel electrophoresis slab wherein the DNA samples are resolved in accordance with the size of DNA fragments in the gel electrophoresis slab into fluorescently marked DNA bands. The separated samples are scanned photoelectrically with a laser diode and a sensor, wherein the laser scans with scanning light at a scanning light frequency within the absorbance spectrum of said fluorescently marked DNA samples and light is sensed at the emission frequency of the marked DNA. The light is modulated from said laser at a predetermined modulation frequency and fluorescent light emitted by said DNA bands at said modulation frequency is detected, whereby background noise from the medium through which the light is transmitted is discriminated against.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 1994Date of Patent: June 17, 1997Assignee: Li-Cor, Inc.Inventors: Lyle Richard Middendorf, Gabor Patonay