Abstract: An energy-efficient lighting apparatus is disclosed. The lighting apparatus includes a ballast cover. The ballast cover includes a plurality of ballast cover holes. The lighting apparatus also includes a circuit board comprising a plurality of light-emitting diodes. The circuit board is positioned adjacent the ballast cover so that the plurality of light-emitting diodes protrude through the plurality of ballast cover holes in the ballast cover. The lighting apparatus may also include a battery for supplying power to the plurality of light-emitting diodes.

Abstract: A power converter is added to a fluorescent light to inexpensively convert fluorescent lighting to LED lighting utilizing existing ballast technology. This will encourage and facilitate conversion to more efficient lighting and the result will be energy savings. The conversion is relatively inexpensive and easy to do vs. fixture replacement. Two factors, which will encourage conversion to more efficient lighting are cost of conversion and time of conversion. The power converter will make it economically viable to convert to LED lighting.

Abstract: A lighting system is disclosed in which an Ethernet computer network is used to provide power to one or more light sources that are connected directly to the Ethernet. The light sources may include LEDs, fluorescent lamps, HID lamps, and/or exit signs. The exit signs may incorporate cameras. By providing power to the light sources via the Ethernet, a separate connection to a power supply for the light is not necessary.

Abstract: An energy-efficient lighting apparatus is disclosed. The lighting apparatus includes a ballast cover. The ballast cover includes a plurality of ballast cover holes. The lighting apparatus also includes a circuit board comprising a plurality of light-emitting diodes. The circuit board is positioned adjacent the ballast cover so that the plurality of light-emitting diodes protrude through the plurality of ballast cover holes in the ballast cover. The lighting apparatus may also include a battery for supplying power to the plurality of light-emitting diodes.

Abstract: An energy-efficient lighting apparatus is disclosed. The lighting apparatus includes a ballast cover. The ballast cover includes a plurality of ballast cover holes. The lighting apparatus also includes a circuit board comprising a plurality of light-emitting diodes. The circuit board is positioned adjacent the ballast cover so that the plurality of light-emitting diodes protrude through the plurality of ballast cover holes in the ballast cover. The lighting apparatus may also include a battery for supplying power to the plurality of light-emitting diodes.

Abstract: So-called "retrofitting" of old style fluorescent lighting fixtures is carried out in a punch and die press provided with a special punch and die assembly having guide blocks positioned laterally of the punch and die for receiving pre-existing notches flanking the unnotched portion of the notched edge margin of a so-called "trougher raceway" strip portion of the old fluorescent lighting feature to be retrofitted, the punch of which assembly has cutting edges configurated for piercing the metal work strip backwardly of the notched edge thereof and at the ends of a longitudinal cut to be made and at the back ends of mutually spaced lateral end cuts to be made and for executing severing stokes along such cutting edges and thereby cutting out and removing a slug of metal exactly conforming in shape and dimension to the pre-existing guide notches.