Abstract: A circuit for use in generating a reference voltage. The circuit includes a first transistor having a first source, a first drain, a first gate, and a first body contact. The first body contact is connected to the first gate, and the first drain is connected to an upper voltage source. A second transistor having a second source, a second drain, a second gate, and a second body contact. The second body contact is connected to the second gate, and the second drain is connected to a lower voltage. The circuit also includes a first input connected to the first gate, and a second input connected to the second gate. An output connected to the first source and the second source.

Abstract: A voltage controlled ring oscillator (VCRO) that can operate at low voltage and provide a variable periodic output. A plurality of transistors form a ring oscillator and a selected transistor in the ring oscillator has a body which can float with respect to ground potential. The selected transistor has a threshold voltage which is controllable by a voltage applied to the transistor body. A control input is coupled to the transistor body such that the body of the transistor can be charged by the control input. Charging the body alters the threshold voltage of the transistor and thereby controls the oscillation frequency of the oscillator.