Abstract: Improved rail fastening assembly consisting of a clip and an insert or retaining member, the clip being made from a spring steel rod and comprising an elongated rail pressing toe member, each end whereof is bent upwardly to form a first curved portion, referred to as toe curve of generally inverted U shape and disposed in vertical plane, the rod being further bent downwardly to form a second curved portion of generally U shape in the same vertical plane, the ends of said second curved portions being then bent outwardly to form third curved portions being the heel curves and extending into heel legs at a tangent to the said heel curves, the insert having a fulcrumming pin for second curved portions and a pin which is constrained to be inserted between a shoulder of the insert and the heel curves.