Abstract: An algorithm execution management system of a provider network may receive a request from a user for executing an algorithm using different types of computing resources, including classical computing resources and quantum computing resources. The request may indicate a container that includes the algorithm code and dependencies such as libraries for executing the algorithm. The algorithm execution management system may first determine that the quantum computing resources are available to execute the algorithm, and then cause the classical computing resources to be provisioned. The algorithm execution management system may cause at least one portion of the algorithm to be executed at the classical computing resources using the container indicated by the user, and at least another portion of the algorithm to be executed at the quantum computing resources. The quantum task of the algorithm may be provided a priority during execution of the algorithm for using the quantum computing resources.

Abstract: A quantum computing monitoring system may receive a request from user describing an algorithm to be executed using classical and quantum computing resources and a metric to be monitored associated with execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources. In execution, the quantum computing monitoring system may cause measurements to be obtained from the quantum computing resources at individual steps of the execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources, and the metric to be determined based on the obtained measurements. The quantum computing monitoring system may evaluate the metric with respect to a threshold, and provide an alert to the user responsive to determining that the metric fails to satisfy the threshold. The quantum computing monitoring system may further perform an operation to modify the execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources as needed.

Abstract: Techniques for encoding quantum circuit mapping problems as SAT solver optimization problems are disclosed. Quantum circuit mapping often requires the use of SWAP gates in order to configure logical quantum computations to be executed using fixed quantum hardware device layouts. A quantum compilation service takes a logical quantum circuit, a physical qubit connectivity graph, and a requested number of SWAP gates to solve the mapping using and encodes the information into a Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) equation using a layout-transition-based encoding scheme. The CNF equation is then provided to a SAT solver which attempts to determine an assignment for the mapping using the set number of SWAP gates requested. Multiple CNF equations corresponding to different requested numbers of SWAP gates may be solved for in parallel using multiple SAT solving instances.

Abstract: Systems and method for implementing quantum circuit compilation as-a-service are disclosed. In some embodiments, a quantum circuit compilation service is configured to compile quantum circuits for a plurality of third-party customers, wherein the compilation service supports compiling quantum circuits to be executed on a plurality of different quantum processing units that utilize various different quantum computing technologies. In some embodiments, the quantum computing service generates a customized compilation job plan for each quantum circuit to be compiled. The compilation job plan may reference modular compilation passes stored in a repository of the quantum circuit compilation service. The modular passes may be mixed and matched as needed to allow for compilation of a wide-variety of quantum circuits to be executed using various different quantum computing technologies.

Abstract: A quantum computing monitoring system may receive a request from user describing an algorithm to be executed using classical and quantum computing resources and a metric to be monitored associated with execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources. In execution, the quantum computing monitoring system may cause measurements to be obtained from the quantum computing resources at individual steps of the execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources, and the metric to be determined based on the obtained measurements. The quantum computing monitoring system may evaluate the metric with respect to a threshold, and provide an alert to the user responsive to determining that the metric fails to satisfy the threshold. The quantum computing monitoring system may further perform an operation to modify the execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources as needed.

Abstract: An algorithm execution management system of a provider network may receive a request from a user for executing an algorithm using different types of computing resources, including classical computing resources and quantum computing resources. The request may indicate a container that includes the algorithm code and dependencies such as libraries for executing the algorithm. The algorithm execution management system may first determine that the quantum computing resources are available to execute the algorithm, and then cause the classical computing resources to be provisioned. The algorithm execution management system may cause at least one portion of the algorithm to be executed at the classical computing resources using the container indicated by the user, and at least another portion of the algorithm to be executed at the quantum computing resources. The quantum task of the algorithm may be provided a priority during execution of the algorithm for using the quantum computing resources.

Abstract: A quantum computing monitoring system may receive a request from user describing an algorithm to be executed using classical and quantum computing resources and a metric to be monitored associated with execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources. In execution, the quantum computing monitoring system may cause measurements to be obtained from the quantum computing resources at individual steps of the execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources, and the metric to be determined based on the obtained measurements. The quantum computing monitoring system may evaluate the metric with respect to a threshold, and provide an alert to the user responsive to determining that the metric fails to satisfy the threshold. The quantum computing monitoring system may further perform an operation to modify the execution of the algorithm at the quantum computing resources as needed.

Abstract: A connecting rod assembly has a connecting rod with a large end and a small end, a piston wrist pin, and fasteners to connect the connecting rod to the piston wrist pin and optionally one or more shims in between the connecting rod and piston wrist pin. A notch on the wrist pin allows for the seating of a flat surface on the small end of the connecting rod in the connecting rod assembly. Side walls on both the notch and the small end of the connecting rod limit twist. The connecting rod assembly allows for the adjustment of piston location in a cylinder while limiting connecting rod twist.

Abstract: A quantum computing service includes a quality of service (QoS) and out-of-band prioritization module. The QoS and out-of-band prioritization module enforces QoS guarantees for quantum tasks and quantum jobs submitted to the quantum computing service while allowing for processing of the quantum jobs and quantum tasks based on QoS guarantees and not necessarily in an order in which the quantum jobs or quantum tasks are received. Also, the QoS and out-of-band prioritization module determines updated priorities out-of-band based on quantum resource usage information for previously executed quantum tasks such that submittal of pending quantum tasks is not delayed in while update priorities are being determined.

Abstract: A vial jacket configured to receive a label. The vial jacket includes a plastic material having a cryogenic operating temperature range, a hinge formed in the plastic material, a locking mechanism, and an opening formed in the plastic material. The plastic material is dimensioned to surround at least a portion of a vial. The hinge defines a first half shell having a first edge and a second half shell having a second edge. The locking mechanism is configured to secure the first edge of the first half shell to the second edge of the second half shell. The opening has an axial length and a transverse length.

Abstract: A connecting rod assembly has a connecting rod with a large end and a small end, a piston wrist pin, and fasteners to connect the connecting rod to the piston wrist pin and optionally one or more shims in between the connecting rod and piston wrist pin. A notch on the wrist pin allows for the seating of a flat surface on the small end of the connecting rod in the connecting rod assembly. Side walls on both the notch and the small end of the connecting rod limit twist. The connecting rod assembly allows for the adjustment of piston location in a cylinder while limiting connecting rod twist.

Abstract: Data includes data with labels and data without labels. For data without labels a fuzzy rules system assigns pseudo labels. A computer processes the data with labels using a first cognitive neural network; processes the data with pseudo labels using a second cognitive neural network; and produces system outcomes by combining the results of the first and second cognitive neural networks. The computer obtains feedback on the system outcomes, and modifies parameters of the fuzzy rule system in response to the feedback.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved compositions and methods for the treatment or prevention of various diseases, including forms of depression, including, for example, breakthrough depression and treatment-refractory depression, and other mood disorders, as well as Parkinson's disease, bipolar disorder, bipolar disorder, attention deficit disorder (ADHD), Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), and obesity. In some embodiments, the compositions and methods comprise low dose naltrexone or related opioid antagonists.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for preventing or reversing loss of the therapeutic effect of a drug, where the loss is associated with the repeated administration of the drug to a patient. The method includes administering to the patient a dopamine receptor agonist or partial agonist or a drug that increases the extracellular level of dopamine by enhancing release of dopamine, decreasing the removal of dopamine from the extracellular space, enhancing the synthesis of dopamine within the brain, or decreasing metabolic degradation of dopamine; and also administering to the patient an opioid receptor antagonist in an ultra-low dose amount, wherein the ultra-low dose amount is effective to prevent or reverse loss of therapeutic effects associated with the repeated administration of the drug to the patient. The methods are useful for various treatments, including treating Parkinson's Disease, Restless Leg Syndrome, depression, schizophrenia, psychostimulant drug abuse, or attention deficit disorder.

Abstract: A supercharger assembly includes rotors, a base plate, and a housing with an anti-fouling material on one or more surfaces where accumulation of soot and/or soot-like material may lead to mechanical friction and possibly seizing. The anti-fouling material can have oleophobic and/or hydrophobic properties.

Abstract: An opposed-piston engine includes at least two of: a gear train with a backlash reducing means; a viscous damper; and a centrifugal pendulum absorber. The opposed-piston engine can include two crankshafts and a gear train to connect the crankshafts. Any viscous dampers and centrifugal pendulum absorbers can be used to mitigate torsional velocity fluctuations in crankshafts in the engine, and multiple viscous dampers and/or centrifugal pendulum absorbers can be used in an engine. The backlash reducing means can include any of a means to adjust the position of gears in a gear train relative to each other and one or more backlash reducing gears.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved compositions and methods for the treatment or prevention of various diseases, including forms of depression, including, for example, breakthrough depression and treatment-refractory depression, and other mood disorders, as well as Parkinson's disease, bipolar disorder, bipolar disorder, attention deficit disorder (ADHD), Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), and obesity. In some embodiments, the compositions and methods comprise low dose naltrexone or related opioid antagonists.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for preventing or reversing loss of the therapeutic effect of a drug, where the loss is associated with the repeated administration of the drug to a patient. The method includes administering to the patient a dopamine receptor agonist or partial agonist or a drug that increases the extracellular level of dopamine by enhancing release of dopamine, decreasing the removal of dopamine from the extracellular space, enhancing the synthesis of dopamine within the brain, or decreasing metabolic degradation of dopamine; and also administering to the patient an opioid receptor antagonist in an ultra-low dose amount, wherein the ultra-low dose amount is effective to prevent or reverse loss of therapeutic effects associated with the repeated administration of the drug to the patient. The methods are useful for various treatments, including treating Parkinson's Disease, Restless Leg Syndrome, depression, schizophrenia, psychostimulant drug abuse, or attention deficit disorder.

Abstract: A compact construction for an opposed-piston engine includes a cylinder liner with longitudinally-spaced exhaust and intake ports in which the exhaust port has inner and outer edges presenting a port height that causes the exhaust port to be fully open before a piston associated with the exhaust port reaches bottom dead center during an expansion stroke and the end surface of the associated piston to be spaced outwardly of the outer edge when the piston is at bottom dead center.

Abstract: A gear train connecting two crankshafts in an opposed-piston engine includes a first crankshaft coupled to first pistons and a second crankshaft coupled to second pistons which are disposed in opposition to the first pistons in cylinders of the engine, a respective crank gear attached to each crankshaft, and an idler gear connecting the crank gears. The gear train comprises a three-gear system that is configured to minimize the side loads on the crankshafts, as well as on an idler gear post.