Abstract: A process is disclosed for monitoring the integrity of hollow fiber filtration modules and for detecting leaks of treated liquid through a fiber completely or partially broken. It operates continuously and in filtration mode, without production shutdown. The process includes detecting the noise caused by the passage of the liquid through a ruptured fiber. The noise signal thus obtained is amplified. The amplified signal thus obtained is compared with a threshold noise level, within the same range of frequencies, which is characteristic of intact modules, this comparison making it possible to detect whether or not the module is intact.

Abstract: A solar collector is designed for converting solar radiation into heat and transferring the heat thus collected, by means of a chamber formed of a window exposed to the sun and allowing passage of solar radiation, and of a bottom or opposite end-face. This radiation is absorbed by adequate means fitted inside this chamber, and the heat it entails is carried off outside the latter. Both the window and the bottom which form the chamber, are made of glass elements hermetically sealed to one another along their periphery by low-melt glass welding.