Abstract: Example embodiments provide a method to determine a reference signal transmission delay by a base station for a distributed RAN or cloud system architecture. The method uses an over the air transmission time and compensates for a possible reference clock discrepancy. Further, a method for TOA-based propagation delay measurement is provided, where consecutive reference signal transmission delays have a variable pattern or high precision is needed. Apparatuses, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.

Abstract: It is provided a method including setting a grant for an uplink transmission to zero if a received absolute grant is not intended for an apparatus performing the method.

Abstract: This specification describes a method comprising responding to a detection of a variation in at least one measured characteristic of a reference signal transmitted from an access point to a portable device by triggering participation by the portable device in vehicle-to-portable device communications. In some examples, the triggering of the participation in the vehicle-to-portable device communications in response to the detection of the variation in the at least one measured characteristic of the reference signal may be performed only if it has been determined that a location of the portable device satisfies a predetermined condition.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for ‘partial’ time division multiplexing (TDM) operation are provided. One example of a method includes transmitting, by a base station, an Enhanced Absolute Grant Channel (E-AGCH) message to one or more user equipment. The E-AGCH message may comprise an indication of one of a first type grant or a second type grant indicating whether a grant is susceptible to grant detection. The first type of grant is considered susceptible to grant detection, and the second type of grant is considered not susceptible to grant detection.

Abstract: This specification describes a method comprising detecting presence of a portable device in a vicinity of a first vehicle based on an identifier of the portable device which is detected at first user equipment, UE, located at the first vehicle, and further comprising causing transmission, from the first UE to a second UE located at a second vehicle in the vicinity of the first vehicle, of the identifier of the portable device and measurement data relating to the portable device and collected at the first vehicle, the measurement data being for use at the second vehicle to determine the location of the portable device relative to the second vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus comprising: at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code, the at at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: transmit an indication of device-to-device communications between a plurality of user devices to an access node; receive an information on a configuration for device-to-device control information signaling via the access node, and transmit the device-to-device control signalling according to the informed configuration via the access node.

Abstract: When waking up, a user equipment receives system configuration information in form of an ecoded signal (306). If the code has not changed from its previous value, then the user equipment access the system using the same system configuration information (310) saving effort and time, if the code has changed the UE obtains the whole system information (312) and then carries out the access to the system (314).

Abstract: There is provided improved interference control of uplink transmissions, when user equipment is communicating with at least two base stations in a communications network. A threshold is defined for a difference of the determined allowed transmission power to an allowed transmission power for the user equipment to a second base station of the at least two base stations. It is determined whether the determined allowed transmission power to the first base station meets the defined threshold. Transmission rate of relative power control commands from at least one of the base stations is changed, when the threshold is met.

Abstract: This specification describes a method comprising responding to a detection of a variation in at least one measured characteristic of a reference signal transmitted from an access point to a portable device by triggering participation by the portable device in vehicle-to-portable device communications. In some examples, the triggering of the participation in the vehicle-to-portable device communications in response to the detection of the variation in the at least one measured characteristic of the reference signal may be performed only if it has been determined that a location of the portable device satisfies a predetermined condition.

Abstract: This specification describes a method comprising detecting presence of a portable device in a vicinity of a first vehicle based on an identifier of the portable device which is detected at first user equipment, UE, located at the first vehicle, and further comprising causing transmission, from the first UE to a second UE located at a second vehicle in the vicinity of the first vehicle, of the identifier of the portable device and measurement data relating to the portable device and collected at the first vehicle, the measurement data being for use at the second vehicle to determine the location of the portable device relative to the second vehicle.

Abstract: An example method may include providing parameter information for use by a user equipment in device to device discovery, the user equipment including one of the devices, the parameter information determined in dependence on user equipment context information and using the parameter information to determine a set of parameters for use by the user equipment in discovery of another device.

Abstract: It is provided a method, comprising monitoring if a sent packet is acknowledged as correctly received; checking, if the sent packet is not acknowledged as correctly received, if retransmitting the sent packet at a time interval determined for retransmission is admitted; informing, if the retransmitting at the determined time interval is not admitted, that the sent packet is not acknowledged as correctly received.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for ‘partial’ time division multiplexing (TDM) operation are provided. One example of a method includes transmitting, by a base station, an Enhanced Absolute Grant Channel (E-AGCH) message to one or more user equipment. The E-AGCH message may comprise an indication of one of a first type grant or a second type grant indicating whether a grant is susceptible to grant detection. The first type of grant is considered susceptible to grant detection, and the second typeof grant is considered not susceptible to grant detection.

Abstract: It is provided a method including setting a grant for an uplink transmission to zero if a received absolute grant is not intended for an apparatus performing the method.

Abstract: There is provided improved interference control of uplink transmissions, when user equipment is communicating with at least two base stations in a communications network. A threshold is defined for a difference of the determined allowed transmission power to an allowed transmission power for the user equipment to a second base station of the at least two base stations. It is determined whether the determined allowed transmission power to the first base station meets the defined threshold. Transmission rate of relative power control commands from at least one of the base stations is changed, when the threshold is met.