Abstract: A semi-aqueous method for extracting a substance. The method involves combining a first liquid or solid substance containing an extract with a semi-aqueous solution containing a water-soluble or water-emulsifiable (WSWE) compound. Said WSWE compound selectively dissolves extract during a dense phase CO2 expansion and salting-out process, which is simultaneously co-extracted using said dense phase CO2, and desolvated to produce a CO2 salted-out solvent mixture containing extract. Said CO2 salted-out solvent mixture is treated using various secondary processes. The present invention is useful for producing extracts for use as additives in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, beverages, or foods, and for quantitative analysis.

Abstract: This application presents a method and apparatus for cooling a through-ported cutting tool with a source of liquid CO2 with a compressed air line with a compressed air inlet and multiple CO2 injection capillary segments; the capillary segments interconnect to the same source of liquid CO2 and can have high pressure valves and throttles; the throttles have different sizes; a first capillary ends near the cutting tool; the second capillary ends near the compressed air inlet. Using a particular sequence of opening or closing the valves to the liquid CO2 to the capillaries, mixing with the compressed air provides and recycling the residual CO2, this invention provides for uniform and controlled cooling of the cutting tool within a certain temperature range.

Abstract: This application presents a method and apparatus for cooling a through-ported cutting tool with a source of liquid CO2 with a compressed air line with a compressed air inlet and multiple CO2 injection capillary segments; the capillary segments interconnect to the same source of liquid CO2 and can have high pressure valves and throttles; the throttles have different sizes; a first capillary ends near the cutting tool; the second capillary ends near the compressed air inlet. Using a particular sequence of opening or closing the valves to the liquid CO2 to the capillaries, mixing with the compressed air provides and recycling the residual CO2, this invention provides for uniform and controlled cooling of the cutting tool within a certain temperature range.