Abstract: The invention relates to a process a process for forming single-mode, organic waveguides employing organic polymeric materials. The process reduces dissolved and gaseous oxygen content to very low quantities, resulting in production of waveguides having superior properties and manufacturability. Also provided is a process for preventing loss of light due to cores having flared ends. A waveguide is produced by sequentially a layer of a liquid, photosensitive buffer and clad composition to a surface of a substrate; deoxygenating under vacuum; overall exposing under an inert gas actinic radiation to partially polymerize the compositions below a full curing.

Abstract: A light emitting device (e.g., organic light emitting diode (OLED)) and a method for manufacturing the OLED are described herein. Basically, the OLED includes a substrate, a first conductive electrode, at least one organic layer, a second conductive electrode, an encapsulant substrate and a microstructure. The microstructure has internal refractive index variations or internal or surface physical variations that function to perturb the propagation of internal waveguide modes within the OLED and as a result allows more light to be emitted from the OLED. Several different embodiments of the microstructure that can be incorporated within an OLED are described herein.

Abstract: A fluorinated polymerizable compound useful for fabricating planar optical devices includes at least one fluorinated alkylene or alkylene ether moiety and at least two terminal acrylate moieties, each terminal acrylate moiety being connected to one of the fluorinated alkylene or fluorinated alklene ether moieties by an ester linking group. The fluorinated polymerizable compounds, or macromers, of this invention are useful for forming optical components exhibiting a refractive index comparable to that of glass fiber waveguides, while also exhibiting very low absorption losses. Polymerizable compositions suitable for preparing optical components can be prepared by combining the macromers of the invention with a photoinitiator. Conventional optical monomers may also be employed, if desired.

Abstract: A fluorinated polymerizable compound useful for fabricating planar optical devices includes at least one fluorinated alkylene or alkylene ether moiety and at least two terminal acrylate moieties, each terminal acrylate moiety being connected to one of the fluorinated alkylene or fluorinated alklene ether moieties by an ester linking group. The fluorinated polymerizable compounds, or macromers, of this invention are useful for forming optical components exhibiting a refractive index comparable to that of glass fiber waveguides, while also exhibiting very low absorption losses. Polymerizable compositions suitable for preparing optical components can be prepared by combining the macromers of the invention with a photoinitiator. Conventional optical monomers may also be employed, if desired.

Abstract: A fluorinated polymerizable compound useful for fabricating planar optical devices includes at least one fluorinated alkylene or alkylene ether moiety and at least two terminal acrylate moieties, each terminal acrylate moiety being connected to one of the fluorinated alkylene or fluorinated alklene ether moieties by an ester linking group. The fluorinated polymerizable compounds, or macromers, of this invention are useful for forming optical components exhibiting a refractive index comparable to that of glass fiber waveguides, while also exhibiting very low absorption losses. Polymerizable compositions suitable for preparing optical components can be prepared by combining the macromers of the invention with a photoinitiator. Conventional optical monomers may also be employed, if desired.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process a process for forming single-mode, organic waveguides employing organic polymeric materials. The process reduces dissolved and gaseous oxygen content to very low quantities, resulting in production of waveguides having superior properties and manufacturability. Also provided is a process for preventing loss of light due to cores having flared ends. A waveguide is produced by sequentially a layer of a liquid, photosensitive buffer and clad composition to a surface of a substrate; deoxygenating under vacuum; overall exposing under an inert gas actinic radiation to partially polymerize the compositions below a full curing.

Abstract: A fluorinated polymerizable compound useful for fabricating planar optical devices includes at least one fluorinated alkylene or alkylene ether moiety and at least two terminal acrylate moieties, each terminal acrylate moiety being connected to one of the fluorinated alkylene or fluorinated alklene ether moieties by an ester linking group. The fluorinated polymerizable compounds, or macromers, of this invention are useful for forming optical components exhibiting a refractive index comparable to that of glass fiber waveguides, while also exhibiting very low absorption losses. Polymerizable compositions suitable for preparing optical components can be prepared by combining the macromers of the invention with a photoinitiator. Conventional optical monomers may also be employed, if desired.

Abstract: An optical illumination assembly comprising an array of optical microprisms and microlenses for redirecting light from a light source. Such displays are used in a wide variety of applications such as backlit flat panel displays requiring a directed light source which provides an efficient output of light. The illumination assembly has a light transmitter optically coupled to an input end of array of microprisms through an optional diffuser, and a microlens on the light output end of each microprism. The microprisms have a light input end optically coupled to the light transmitting means and a light output end spaced from the light input end.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of forming a polymeric nanocomposite comprising a continuous polymeric phase formed from a melt processible polymer having amelt processing temperature equal to or greater than about 220.degree. C. and platelet particles having an average thickness equal to or less than about 50 .ANG. and a maximum thickness of about 100 .ANG. having a secondary or primary ammonium cationic complex, a quaternary phosphonium cationic complex bonded to surface of said particles, the composite material formed by said process and an article formed from the composite material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of forming a composite material comprising a polymer matrix comprising a polymeric material and dispersed particles selected from the group consisting of platelet or fibrillar particles having average thicknesses of less than 50 and a maximum thickness of less than about 100 and fibrils having an average diameter equal to or less than about 200 and a maximum diameter of about 200 and having an organo metallic residue species covalently to said particles organo metallic species having a moiety which is compatible with a polymer species in the polymer matrix, or said species having a moiety which is covalently bonded to a polymer species in the polymer matrix or a combination thereof, said dispersed particles being present in an amount less than about 60% by weight of the composite material and to the composite material formed by such process

Abstract: This invention is directed to a composite formed from a gamma phase polyamide such as nylon 6 having dispersed therein a particulate material such as a phyllosilicate as for example montmorillonite.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for forming deposits of superconducting ceramics by sequentially electrodepositing layers of metals, of a type and in proportion suitable for forming a superconducting ceramic, to form a precursor metal deposit, followed by oxidizing the precursor deposit to form a superconducting ceramic deposit. Optionally, the electroplating steps are conducted in such a manner that a patterned precursor deposit results, to obtain a patterned superconducting deposit after oxidation.

Abstract: Superconducting ceramic layers are made by first electrochemically depositing metal layers containing embedded particulate matter, followed by oxidation of the precursor layer to form the desired superconducting ceramic. The embedded particulate matter may (a) furnish required constituent metals for the superconductor, (b) be a superconductor itself, which may be the same as or different from the superconductor to be formed, or (c) provide adjuvant substances for improving the properties (e.g., electrical or mechanical) of the superconducting layer being formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in a method of forming deposits of superconducting ceramics. Generally, such ceramics are formed by electrodepositing a mixture of metals of the type and in proportions sufficient to be oxidized into ceramic; oxidizing the electrodeposited mixture under conditions sufficient to result in a superconducting ceramic deposit; and orienting the crystallites in said superconducting ceramic deposit. Crystallite orientation may take place before, after or during the oxidation step.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an electrode which comprises an intimate mixture of finely divided electroactive material in a matrix composed of a conjugated backbone polymer which comprises the steps of: derivatizing the surface of finely divided alkali-metal alloying metal, alkali metal cation inserting material or anion inserting material with active polymer catalyst; dispersing the derivatized metal or material having a desired small particle size in a gas, suspension or solution of a monomer or other precursor of the desired conjugated backbone polymer and polymerizing the monomer and/or precursor in the presence of the dispersed metal or material; and fabricating a cohesive solid by recovering the polymerization product from said gas, suspension or solution comprising derivatized metal or material coated with conjugated backbone polymer and forming same into a cohesive solid.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in a method of forming deposits of superconducting ceramics. Generally, such ceramics are formed by electrodepositing a mixture of metals of the type, and in proportions sufficient to be oxidized into ceramic, onto a substrate. The electrodeposited mixture is then oxidized under conditions sufficient to result in a super conducting ceramic deposit. The improvement resides in conducting the electrodeposition in a manner which results in a patterned electrodeposition prior to conducting oxidation.

Abstract: A method of forming films of superconducting ceramics is disclosed. The method involves electrodepositing a mixture of metals of the type which can be oxidized into superconducting ceramic. Thereafter, the metals deposited are oxidized to form the superconducting ceramic deposit. Deposits made by this method are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel anode for use in batteries, and to batteries containing the anode, which anode comprises one or more anode active materials and an elastomeric binder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel anode for use in batteries, and to batteries containing the anode, which anode comprises a mixture of a conjugated backbone polymer and another electroactive material selected from the group consisting of metals which alloy with alkali metals and alkali metal cation inserting materials as for example transition metal chalcogenides.

Abstract: Batteries wherein at least one of the anode and cathode is a conjugated backbone polymer and in which the electrolyte contains at least one sultone or sulfonate solvent. Preferred solvents such as propane sultone and butane sultone impart stability to the battery and permit the polymer, such as polyacetylene, to be highly oxidized or reduced without degradation.