Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for discriminating an operationally tolerant (TOL) subject from a non-operationally tolerant (STA) subject, comprising the following steps: i) establishing a composite score of tolerance (cSoT) with the expression levels of six genes in a biological sample obtained from said subject and two clinical parameters; wherein said six genes are ID3, AKR1C3, CD40, CTLA4, TCL1A and MZB1, and wherein said cSoT is established by the following formula: cSoT = ? i n ? = ? i × Exprs + ? test ? ? time × age test ? ? time + ? trans ? ? time × age trans ? ? time + intercept - scaling ? ? coefficient ii) comparing this cSoT with a predetermined reference value; and iii) concluding that the subject is TOL when the cSoT is higher than the predetermined reference value or concluding that the subject is STA when the cSoT is lower than the predetermined reference value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising polyclonal antibodies directed against human cells, wherein the said polyclonal antibodies are devoid of a first antigenic determinant selected in a group comprising (i) N-glycol-neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and (ii) ?-1,3-galactose and its use as a medicament.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for predicting graft alterations in a transplanted patient, comprising a step of determining the expression levels of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), chemokine (C motif) ligand 1 (XCL1) and thioredoxin domain containing 3 (TXNDC3) genes in a biological sample obtained from said transplanted patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for discriminating an operationally tolerant (TOL) subject from a non-operationally tolerant (STA) subject, comprising the following steps: i) establishing a composite score of tolerance (cSoT) with the expression levels of six genes in a biological sample obtained from said subject and two clinical parameters; wherein said six genes are ID3, AKR1C3, CD40, CTLA4, TCL1A and MZB1, and wherein said cSoT is established by the following formula: cSoT = ? i n ? = ? i × Exprs + ? test ? ? time × age test ? ? time + ? trans ? ? time × age trans ? ? time + intercept - scaling ? ? coefficient ii) comparing this cSoT with a predetermined reference value; and iii) concluding that the subject is TOL when the cSoT is higher than the predetermined reference value or concluding that the subject is STA when the cSoT is lower than the predetermined reference value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for predicting graft alterations in a transplanted patient, comprising a step of determining the expression levels of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), chemokine (C motif) ligand 1 (XCL1) and thioredoxin domain containing 3 (TXNDC3) genes in a biological sample obtained from said transplanted patient.

Abstract: An in vitro method for determining the risk of occurrence of long-term kidney graft dysfunction in a subject comprising: a) measuring the level of CD8+ T cells having a phenotype CD45RA+/CD197?/CD27?/CD28? in a blood sample of the subject, b) comparing the level of CD8| T cells having a phenotype CD45RA|/CD197?/CD27?/CD28? measured at step a) with one or more reference values of the level of CD8+ T cells having a phenotype CD45RA+/CD197?/CD27?/CD28?, and c) determining the risk of occurrence of long-term kidney graft dysfunction in the said subject from the comparison performed at step b).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising polyclonal antibodies directed against human cells, wherein the said polyclonal antibodies are devoid of a first antigenic determinant selected in a group comprising (i) N-glycol-neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and (ii) ?-1,3-galactose and its use as a medicament

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a risk of permanent rejection of a graft after being transplanted to a recipient, said method being characterized in that it includes the following steps: (a) entering physiological/clinical characteristics of the recipient and the donor into a computation unit by means of an input interface, said characteristics including the gender of the recipient, the creatinine level of the graft donor when sampled, the age of the recipient at the time of the transplant,—the number of renal transplants previously received by the recipient,—a creatinine level of the recipient measured twice at at least one predetermined point in time after the transplant, a proteinuria level of the recipient measured at a predetermined point in time after the transplant, and the existence of an episode of permanent rejection of the transplant during the first year of the transplant; (b) determining the parameters on the basis of said characteristics; (c) combining said parameters so as to

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing chronic graft rejection of a grafted organ in a subject from a biological sample of said subject, comprising: (a) determining in vitro an expression level value for PSMB10 in said subject biological sample, (b) comparing said value to at least one reference expression level value for PSMB10 in at least one reference sample, and (c) diagnosing if said subject is or not undergoing chronic rejection of said grafted organ. The invention also concerns a diagnostic kit or microarray for performing the method of the invention. The invention further concerns the medical use of proteasome inhibitors for treating chronic rejection.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for the in vitro diagnosis or prognosis of a graft tolerant or graft non-tolerant phenotype, comprising: determining from a grafted subject biological sample an expression profile comprising TMTC3 gene, optionally measuring other parameters, and determining the presence of a graft tolerant or graft non-tolerant phenotype from said expression profile and optional other parameters, wherein said method does not comprise determining an expression profile comprising, in addition to TMTC3, the following 7 genes: BUB1B, CDC2, CHEK1, MS4A1, RAB30, RHOH, and SYNGR3. Said method may further comprise, if said subject is diagnosed as a graft non-tolerant subject, diagnosing from the expression profile if said subject is developing chronic rejection. The present invention also relates to a medicament comprising a TMTC3 protein, or a fragment, an analogue or an analogue fragment thereof, in particular for the treatment, prevention, delay or inhibition of graft rejection.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for the in vitro diagnosis of a graft tolerant phenotype, comprising: determining from a grafted subject biological sample an expression profile comprising, or consisting of, 8 genes, and optionally at least one among 41 further genes, identified in the present invention as differentially expressed between graft tolerant subjects and subjects in chronic rejection, optionally measuring other parameters, and determining the presence or absence of a graft tolerant phenotype from said expression profile and optional other parameters. Said method may further comprise, if said subject is diagnosed as a graft non-tolerant subject, diagnosing from the expression profile if said subject is developing chronic rejection. The invention further concerns kits and oligonucleotide microarrays suitable to implement said method.