Abstract: A device for converting electrical energy to mechanical energy is disclosed and claimed. The device includes a housing, a shaft, at least two coil assemblies, at least two magnets, and at least two electrical connectors. The shaft is supported by the housing and rotatable therein. The at least two coil assemblies are mounted to one of the housing and the shaft. The at least two magnets are mounted to the other of the housing and the shaft. The at least two electrical connectors are in communication with the at least two coil assemblies, wherein each of the at least two electrical connectors provide electrical energy to each of the at least two coil assemblies independently to generate a magnetic field in same, wherein the magnetic field interacts with the at least two magnets to produce an output torque on the shaft.

Abstract: A suspension system for a vehicle having left and right wheels is disclosed and claimed. The system includes first and second suspension struts and first and second hydraulic cavities to supply first and second suspending spring force for the left and right wheels, respectively. The system also includes a volume modulator to selectively push fluid into and vent fluid from the first and second hydraulic cavities, thereby actively modulating the first and second suspending spring forces. The volume modulator includes first and second modulator pistons and first and second cavity-side valves. In a preferred embodiment, the modulator pistons are cycled and the cavity-side valves are opened and closed to counteract roll of the vehicle. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the first modulator piston and the second modulator piston are located approximately 180° apart relative to an eccentric to minimize power consumption of the volume modulator during roll of the vehicle.

Abstract: A device for converting electrical energy to mechanical energy is disclosed and claimed. The device includes a housing, a shaft, at least two coil assemblies, at least two magnets, and at least two electrical connectors. The shaft is supported by the housing and rotatable therein. The at least two coil assemblies are mounted to one of the housing and the shaft. The at least two magnets are mounted to the other of the housing and the shaft. The at least two electrical connectors are in communication with the at least two coil assemblies, wherein each of the at least two electrical connectors provide electrical energy to each of the at least two coil assemblies independently to generate a magnetic field in same, wherein the magnetic field interacts with the at least two magnets to produce an output torque on the shaft.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire system of the preferred embodiment of the invention includes a steering sensor, a turning subsystem, a vehicle sensor, and a controller subsystem. The turning subsystem further includes a first turning actuator to adjust a turning angle of a first road wheel, a first turning sensor to sense first turning factors of the first turning actuator, a second turning actuator to adjust a turning angle of a second road wheel, and a second turning sensor to sense second turning factors of the second turning actuator. The controller subsystem is connected to the steering sensor, to the first turning sensor, to the second turning sensor, and to the vehicle sensor. The control subsystem independently controls the first turning actuator and the second turning actuator.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire system of the preferred embodiment of the invention includes a steering subsystem, a turning subsystem, and a controller subsystem. The steering subsystem further includes a steering sensor to sense steering factors of a steering input, and a steering actuator to generate a steering feedback. The turning subsystem further includes a turning actuator to adjust a turning angle of a road wheel of the vehicle, and a turning sensor to sense turning factors of the turning actuator. The controller subsystem is connected to the steering sensor and to the turning sensor and controls the turning actuator and the steering actuator.

Abstract: A steering system capable of mechanically coupling together a first steering motor and a second steering motor to form a mechanically coupled steering motor unit so that one steering motor is operable to move both a first rack and a second rack together with minimal lost motion between the mechanically coupled steering motor unit, the first rack and the second rack.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire system for use in a vehicle includes a driver interface system. The driver interface system includes a steering mechanism for use by an operator of the vehicle. The steer-by-wire system may allow the operator to steer the vehicle during failures within the driver interface system. When a failure is detected, the movement of the steering mechanism is controlled and torque applied by the operator to the steering mechanism is measured. The vehicle is maneuvered by the steer-by-wire system as a function of the torque applied.

Abstract: A steering system capable of mechanically coupling together a first steering motor and a second steering motor to form a mechanically coupled steering motor unit so that one steering motor is operable to move both a first rack and a second rack together with minimal lost motion between the mechanically coupled steering motor unit, the first rack and the second rack.

Abstract: A torque-based method to steer a vehicle equipped with a steer by wire system begins when a driver applies torque to a steering wheel so as to change the direction in which the vehicle travels. Two sensors, a steering wheel angle sensor and a steering wheel torque sensor then generate an angle signal and a torque signal, respectively. In the unlikely event the vehicle steering system is malfunctioning, the steering wheel torque sensor will still generate a torque signal. This torque signal is used in place of the angle signal to generate the reference signal. Once the reference signal is generated, then it can be used to generate the road wheel angle signal, which is in turn used to position the road wheels accordingly.

Abstract: A suspension system for a vehicle having left and right wheels is disclosed and claimed. The system includes first and second suspension struts and first and second hydraulic cavities to supply first and second suspending spring force for the left and right wheels, respectively. The system also includes a volume modulator to selectively push fluid into and vent fluid from the first and second hydraulic cavities, thereby actively modulating the first and second suspending spring forces. The volume modulator includes first and second modulator pistons and first and second cavity-side valves. In a preferred embodiment, the modulator pistons are cycled and the cavity-side valves are opened and closed to counteract roll of the vehicle. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the first modulator piston and the second modulator piston are located approximately 180° apart relative to an eccentric to minimize power consumption of the volume modulator during roll of the vehicle.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire system for use in a vehicle includes a driver interface system. The driver interface system includes a steering mechanism for use by an operator of the vehicle. The steer-by-wire system may allow the operator to steer the vehicle during failures within the driver interface system. When a failure is detected, the movement of the steering mechanism is controlled and torque applied by the operator to the steering mechanism is measured. The vehicle is maneuvered by the steer-by-wire system as a function of the torque applied.

Abstract: A torque-based method to steer a vehicle equipped with a steer by wire system begins when a driver applies torque to a steering wheel so as to change the direction in which the vehicle travels. Two sensors, a steering wheel angle sensor and a steering wheel torque sensor then generate an angle signal and a torque signal, respectively. In the unlikely event the vehicle steering system is malfunctioning, the steering wheel torque sensor will still generate a torque signal. This torque signal is used in place of the angle signal to generate the reference signal. Once the reference signal is generated, then it can be used to generate the road wheel angle signal, which is in turn used to position the road wheels accordingly.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire system of the preferred embodiment of the invention includes a steering subsystem, a turning subsystem, and a controller subsystem. The steering subsystem further includes a steering sensor to sense steering factors of a steering input, and a steering actuator to generate a steering feedback. The turning subsystem further includes a turning actuator to adjust a turning angle of a road wheel of the vehicle, and a turning sensor to sense turning factors of the turning actuator. The controller subsystem is connected to the steering sensor and to the turning sensor and controls the turning actuator and the steering actuator.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire system of the preferred embodiment of the invention includes a steering sensor, a turning subsystem, a vehicle sensor, and a controller subsystem. The turning subsystem further includes a first turning actuator to adjust a turning angle of a first road wheel, a first turning sensor to sense first turning factors of the first turning actuator, a second turning actuator to adjust a turning angle of a second road wheel, and a second turning sensor to sense second turning factors of the second turning actuator. The controller subsystem is connected to the steering sensor, to the first turning sensor, to the second turning sensor, and to the vehicle sensor. The control subsystem independently controls the first turning actuator and the second turning actuator.

Abstract: A rotary encoder capable of detecting angular rotation of a rotating shaft, and identifying its neutral position without the need for multiple encoder wheels. A magnetoresistive sensor is positioned adjacent the periphery of a single multipole magnet ring attached to a steering wheel shaft. The magnet ring comprises alternating N-pole and S-pole magnetic regions along its periphery, the surface of one of the regions containing a demagnetized portion. The sensor produces a sinusoidal signal as the shaft is rotated, responsive to the passage of the magnetic regions, with a period equal to the passage of two successive magnetic regions adjacent the sensor. The angular position of the shaft which aligns the demagnetized portion adjacent the sensor corresponds to the shaft's neutral position. Aligning of the demagnetized portion adjacent the sensor causes a voltage irregularity within the sensor's otherwise sinusoidal output signal, which is detected by a signal processing circuit.

Abstract: An accelerometer is provided which is suitably rugged for use in on-board automotive safety control and navigational systems. The preferred thick film accelerometer is formed from an alumina substrate having an integrally formed U-shaped flexure member which surrounds an intermediate support member. A mass is provided on the unsupported end of the U-shaped flexure member. Deflection is maximum at the unsupported end of the U-shaped flexure member, while strain is maximum at the supported end of the flexure member. Four piezoresistors for detecting the strain within the flexure member corresponding to the acceleration in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the support member are provided on the U-shaped flexure member adjacent its supported ends. The four piezoresistors form a Wheatstone bridge, whose analog output voltage is conditioned and amplified to provide the output signal. The signal conditioning and amplifying circuitry are preferably located on the support member.