Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for establishing a transport protocol to use between a client and a sewer are disclosed. In particular there is disclosed a method a proxy, for establishing a transport protocol to use between a client and a server, the method comprising: receiving, from the client, a plurality of transport protocol setup messages; selecting at least one transport protocol setup message from the plurality of transport protocol setup messages; sending at least one transport protocol setup message to the server based on the selected at least one transport protocol setup message; and responsive to receiving from the server at least one transport protocol setup response message corresponding to a transport protocol setup message sent to the server, sending a transport protocol setup response message corresponding to a received transport protocol setup response message to the client.

Abstract: An apparatus in a mobile communication network combines information from monitoring IP flows carrying latency sensitive content passing the apparatus and information about the application behavior and target Quality of Experience (QoE) or target connectivity characteristics such as Quality of Service (QoS) from the application to provide ongoing predictions of QoE/QoS. In some cases, the apparatus exploits a probe on a device to generate traffic for learning flow characteristics not obtained from monitoring application IP flows in the network. Embodiments disclosed herein can be used to predict quality metrics for many applications where jitter/latency is a factor affecting perceived quality, such as QoE for a human consumer or QoS for machine type communications. The embodiments are applicable to the analysis of traffic carrying conversational speech.

Abstract: A decoder receives a set of N compressed segments of a first picture, and a set of M compressed segments for a second picture that follows the first picture in a decoding order. Based on the set of N compressed segments, the decoder constructs a decodable picture for the first picture and decodes the decodable picture. Based on the set of M compressed segments, the decoder constructs a decodable second picture in the compressed domain, in which each of the segments of the first picture are placed at the same spatial position as that of a corresponding segment in the second picture and decodes the decodable second picture. Additionally, at least one Intra coded segment is placed at one of the M spatial positions in the compressed domain in which there is no segment of the N segments.

Abstract: A method at a first node for encoding a message for secure transmission to a second node comprising. The method includes receiving the message for transmission to the second node and fragmenting the message into a plurality of fragments, wherein each fragment is of a selected size. The method further includes encoding separately each fragment of the plurality of fragments using Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS), combining DTLS encoded fragments into a Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) message, and transmitting the message as a plurality of DTLS encoded fragments in the SCTP message to the second node.

Abstract: A flexible approach to segmenting a resource (e.g., a media resource, such as a media segment, or other resource, such as a resource normally fetched or pushed using general file transfer protocols like HTTP) into a plurality of fragments. By employing such an approach, the delay until the resource can be utilized at the client side is reduced. Certain embodiments are provided which apply the flexible segmentation approach to ISOBMFF media segments for video streaming, such as would be used with Live DASH streaming.

Abstract: A decoder (100) receives (30) a set of N compressed segments of a first picture, and a set of M compressed segments for a second picture that follows the first picture in a decoding order. Based on the set of N compressed segments, the decoder constructs a decodable picture for the first picture and decodes (32) the decodable picture. Based on the set of M compressed segments, the decoder constructs a decodable second picture in the compressed domain, in which each of the segments of the first picture are placed at the same spatial position as that of a corresponding segment in the second picture, and decodes (52) the decodable second picture. Additionally, at least one Intra coded segment is placed at one of the M spatial positions in the compressed domain in which there is no segment of the N segments.

Abstract: A method to be performed by a receiving apparatus for decoding an encoded bitstream representing a sequence of pictures of a video stream is provided. In the method, capabilities relating to level of decoding parallelism for the decoder are identified, a parameter indicative of the decoder's capabilities relating to level of decoding parallelism is kept, and for a set of levels of decoding parallelism, information relating to HEVC profile and HEVC level that the decoder is capable of decoding is kept. A method for encoding a bitstream representing a sequence of pictures of a video stream is also provided. In the method, a parameter is received from a transmitting apparatus that should decode the encoded bitstream.

Abstract: A flexible approach to segmenting a resource (e.g., a media resource, such as a media segment, or other resource, such as a resource normally fetched or pushed using general file transfer protocols like HTTP) into a plurality of fragments. By employing such an approach, the delay until the resource can be utilized at the client side is reduced. Certain embodiments are provided which apply the flexible segmentation approach to ISOBMFF media segments for video streaming, such as would be used with Live DASH streaming.

Abstract: An apparatus in a mobile communication network combines information from monitoring IP flows carrying latency sensitive content passing the apparatus and information about the application behavior and target Quality of Experience (QoE) or target connectivity characteristics such as Quality of Service (QoS) from the application to provide ongoing predictions of QoE/QoS. In some cases, the apparatus exploits a probe on a device to generate traffic for learning flow characteristics not obtained from monitoring application IP flows in the network. Embodiments disclosed herein can be used to predict quality metrics for many applications where jitter/latency is a factor affecting perceived quality, such as QoE for a human consumer or QoS for machine type communications. The embodiments are applicable to the analysis of traffic carrying conversational speech.

Abstract: According to a yet further aspect of the embodiments of the present invention a server 1020 configured to bind a device application to a web service is provided. The server comprises WebRTC functionality. The server is configured to receive a request for the web service from the device application, wherein communication between the server and the device application is done via https and WebRTC and the device application is configured to generate WebRTC credentials comprising a private key, certificate of the private key and a fingerprint of the certificate. The server is configured to receive the fingerprint and fingerprint generation algorithm of the certificate, store the fingerprint and fingerprint generation algorithm and associating the fingerprint with the device application, and use DTLS, providing the certificate of the device application, in combination with the stored fingerprint to identify the device application to bind the device application to the web service.

Abstract: A method at a first node for encoding a message for secure transmission to a second node comprising. The method includes receiving the message for transmission to the second node and fragmenting the message into a plurality of fragments, wherein each fragment is of a selected size. The method further includes encoding separately each fragment of the plurality of fragments using Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS), combining DTLS encoded fragments into a Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) message, and transmitting the message as a plurality of DTLS encoded fragments in the SCTP message to the second node.

Abstract: Systems and methods that are particularly well-suited for service-based core network endpoint authentication are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a network node implementing a second network function in a core network of a cellular communications system comprises receiving, at a main service of the second network function, a request from a first network function for a desired service via Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Representational State Transfer (HTTP/REST) signaling. The request comprises information that identifies one or more delegate endpoints of the first network function that expose one or more delegate services, respectively, of the first network function for providing the desired service using one or more different communication styles. The method further comprises initiating the desired service using a selected delegate endpoint from the one or more delegate endpoints identified by the information comprised in the request.

Abstract: There is provided mechanisms for decoding a media stream. A method is performed by a packet receiver. The method comprises receiving packets. The packets have been transmitted by a packet transmitter. The packets define the media stream and each packet comprises encoded media. The method comprises decoding the encoded media into at least a first decoded version and a second decoded version. For the first decoded version only a subset of the packets decoded for the second decoded version are decoded. The subset includes only those of the packets that are received within a first threshold time delay from having been transmitted by the packet transmitter.

Abstract: A decoder (100) receives (30) a set of N compressed segments of a first picture, and a set of M compressed segments for a second picture that follows the first picture in a decoding order. Based on the set of N compressed segments, the decoder constructs a decodable picture for the first picture and decodes (32) the decodable picture. Based on the set of M compressed segments, the decoder constructs a decodable second picture in the compressed domain, in which each of the segments of the first picture are placed at the same spatial position as that of a corresponding segment in the second picture, and decodes (52) the decodable second picture. Additionally, at least one Intra coded segment is placed at one of the M spatial positions in the compressed domain in which there is no segment of the N segments.

Abstract: Systems and methods that are particularly well-suited for service-based core network endpoint authentication are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a network node implementing a second network function in a core network of a cellular communications system comprises receiving, at a main service of the second network function, a request from a first network function for a desired service via Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Representational State Transfer (HTTP/REST) signaling. The request comprises information that identifies one or more delegate endpoints of the first network function that expose one or more delegate services, respectively, of the first network function for providing the desired service using one or more different communication styles. The method further comprises initiating the desired service using a selected delegate endpoint from the one or more delegate endpoints identified by the information comprised in the request.

Abstract: There is provided mechanisms for decoding a media stream. A method is performed by a packet receiver. The method comprises receiving packets. The packets have been transmitted by a packet transmitter. The packets define the media stream and each packet comprises encoded media. The method comprises decoding the encoded media into at least a first decoded version and a second decoded version. For the first decoded version only a subset of the packets decoded for the second decoded version are decoded. The subset includes only those of the packets that are received within a first threshold time delay from having been Decode encoded media transmitted by the packet transmitter.

Abstract: A method to be performed by a receiving apparatus for decoding an encoded bitstream representing a sequence of pictures of a video stream is provided. In the method, capabilities relating to level of decoding parallelism for the decoder are identified, a parameter indicative of the decoder's capabilities relating to level of decoding parallelism is kept, and for a set of levels of decoding parallelism, information relating to HEVC profile and HEVC level that the decoder is capable of decoding is kept. A method for encoding a bitstream representing a sequence of pictures of a video stream is also provided. In the method, a parameter is received from a transmitting apparatus that should decode the encoded bitstream.

Abstract: It is presented a method for a server for enabling setting up a secure peer-to-peer connection between a first peer and a second peer. The method comprises the steps of: receiving a request for a web application from the first peer; sending a directive to the first peer requesting a fingerprint of a certificate of the first peer; receiving a first fingerprint from the first peer; and sending the first fingerprint to the second peer.

Abstract: A method to be performed by a receiving apparatus for decoding an encoded bitstream representing a sequence of pictures of a video stream is provided. In the method, capabilities relating to level of decoding parallelism for the decoder are identified, a parameter indicative of the decoder's capabilities relating to level of decoding parallelism is kept, and for a set of levels of decoding parallelism, information relating to HEVC profile and HEVC level that the decoder is capable of decoding is kept. A method for encoding a bitstream representing a sequence of pictures of a video stream is also provided. In the method, a parameter is received from a transmitting apparatus that should decode the encoded bitstream.

Abstract: A flexible approach to segmenting a resource (e.g., a media resource, such as a media segment, or other resource, such as a resource normally fetched or pushed using general file transfer protocols like HTTP) into a plurality of fragments. By employing such an approach, the delay until the resource can be utilized at the client side is reduced. Certain embodiments are provided which apply the flexible segmentation approach to ISOBMFF media segments for video streaming, such as would be used with Live DASH streaming.